Maslows Needs-Hierarchy model of motivation

Maslow theorized that the individual, having satisfied all the lower levels of needs, now has the potential for self-actualization, a concern for the well-being of others or the state of society. Examples of self-actualized individuals include Eleanor Roosevelt and Mother Teresa. 

There is little evidence to justify the accuracy of this theory in explaining human motivation Maslow s work is based on post hoc studies of selected individuals. Researchers have found, however, that certain needs must be satisfied before individuals can or will pursue other needs. Any of Maslow s needs could serve as motivators for individuals, depending on their psychological state. 

A goal-directed theory that has acquired significant attention due to tangible research supporting its premise is McClelland s Need-Achievement Theory. 

According to McClelland, there are three essential motives that drive human behavior  

Achievement is the accomplishment of tasks and activities. Individuals having a high need for achievement are very comfortable working alone. They tend to be very creative and can develop unique solutions to the challenges presented them. 

---