Development uniqueness

Parasites have often developed unique ways of protection from the defense mechanisms of the host. 

Most of the water on Earth s surfece is in the ocean relatively little is present in the atmosphere or on land. Because of its chemical and physical properties, this water has had a great influence on the continuing biogeochemical evolution of our planet. Most notably, water is an excellent solvent. As such, the oceans contain at least a little bit of almost every substance present on this planet. Reaction probability is enhanced if the reactants are in dissolved fitrm as compared with their gaseous or solid phases. Many of the chemical changes that occur in seawater and the sediments are mediated by marine organisms. In some cases, marine organisms have developed unique biosynthetic pathways to help them survive the environmental conditions fitimd only in the oceans. Some of their metabolic products have proven useful to humans as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, food additives, and cosmeceuticals. 

Kobayashi et al. (3) developed unique sulfate salts and derivatives as photoacid generators, (VI), for use in resist compositions and patterning processes. 

However, unlike photosynthesis in green plants, the titanium oxide photocatalyst does not absorb visible light and, therefore, it can make use of only 3-4% of solar photons that reach the Earth. Therefore, to address such enormous tasks, photocatalytic systems which are able to operate effectively and efficiently not only under ultraviolet (UV) but also under sunlight must be established. To this end, it is vital to design and develop unique titanium oxide photocatalysts which can absorb and operate with high efficiency under solar and/or visible-light irradiation [9-16]. 

Some plant and microbial species have developed unique and sometimes high tolerance for metals. Plant species of Agrostis, Minuartia, and Silene are known for their tolerance to heavy metals (Sieghardt, 1990 Verkleij et al., 1991). In a study... 

Some manufacturers have developed unique module configurations that rely on novel methods of introducing turbulence into the feed... 

For elements of low atomic numbers, the mass differences between the isotopes of an element are large enough for many physical, chemical, and biological processes or reactions to fractionate or change the relative proportions of various isotopes. Two different types of processes— equilibrium isotope effects and kinetic isotope effects—cause isotope fractionation. As a consequence of fractionation processes, waters and solutes often develop unique isotopic compositions (ratios of heavy to light isotopes) that may be indicative of their source or of the processes that formed them. 

In addition to these diterpenes, other specifically antioxidant materials have been obtained from medicinal Salvias in China. Some of these are the result of deep rooted rearrangements such as 31 (fig. 19) (Dominguez et al., 1976) and 33 (Zhu et al., 2004). Although formal biosynthetic studies of high elevation plants are still missing, the few rearranged skeletons known thus far suggest that these plants have developed unique... 

During deep frying, lipids act as heat-transfer agents and react with the protein and carbohydrate components of food, developing unique flavors and odors, as well as a brown color, all of which are desirable to the consumer. 

Komatsu et al. have developed unique methods for the generation of 1,3-dipoles from organosilanes (Scheme 10.222). Linder thermal conditions, N-(a-silylbenzyl) imines and -amides are converted, via 1,2- or 1,4-silatropic shift of the silyl group, into azomefhine ylides (153 from the amide) which react with dipolarophiles [578]. Similar thermal 1,4-silyl migrations of a-silylnitrosamines and S-a-silylben-zyl thioesters provide convenient routes to azomethine imines 154 [579] and fhio-carbonyl ylides 155 [580], respectively. 

Based on the quite remarkable results obtained with TS-1 we expect that many more examples of microporous solids modified by isomorphous substitution with redox metal ions in the crystal lattice will be described in the future (see Fig. 12). Indeed, the scope for developing unique oxidation catalysts based on the concept of site-isolation in zeolites, silicalites, alpos and sapos is enormous [37], In addition to varying the redox metal the size and hydrophobicity of the cavity can be tuned by, for example, varying Si/Al ratios to provide a variety of unique heterogeneous catalysts for liquid phase oxidation. 

To address this we have recently developed unique optofluidic based on chip SERS devices. The chip exploits our previously developed electro-active microwells [11] which are used here to enhance mixing for DNA hybridization and concentration for sample enrichment (Fig. 7). The chip comprises of a glass substrate with lithographically patterned electrodes. The substrate and electrodes are covered with an electrically insulating polyimide layer into which 10 pm diameter wells and microfluidic system are etched. After completion we align and bond the PDMS cover to the bottom substrate such that the wells align with the spaces in the upper electrodes. 

It was not possible to develop unique models using these 25 compounds and the . coli and Ps. aeruginosa data. Similar problems with colinearity were encountered. A series of statistically equivalent equations were derived. Further the test of significance oscillated as variables entered and left the model. 

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