Marigold petals

Marigold petals Lutein, zeaxanthin Dietary supplement... 

MOEHS c p, TiAN L, OSTERYOUNG K w and DELLAPENNA D (2001) Analysis of carotenoid biosynthetic gene expression during marigold petal development , Plant J, 20, 401-12. 

Marigold petals are rich sources of xanthophyUs, mainly lutein esters. To increase the coloring power, chemical extraction of the colorant from flower meal is performed or a new enzymatic procedure is applied. It was shown that treatment with cellulases or mixed saprophyte microorganisms or solid state fermentation improved the xanthophyll extraction yield. ... 

Breithaupt, D.E. and Schwack, W., Determination of free and bound carotenoids in paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) by LC/MS, Fur. Food Res. Technol., 211, 52, 2000. Philip, T. and Berry, J.W., A process for the purification of lutein-fatty acid esters from marigold petals, J. Food ScL, 41, 163, 1976. 

Philip, T. and Berry, J.W., A process for the purification of lutein-fatty acid esters from marigold petals, J. Food Set, 41, 163, 1976. 

The plant is considered very valuable because only the stigma is used. It gives an aromatic odour. Dried Marigold petals can be a substitute. 

Lutein [E161 (b)J. Lutein is one of the four most common carotenoids found in nature. The EU classifies it as E161(b). Chemically, lutein is a xanthophyll and is similar to P-carotene. Although lutein occurs in all green leafy vegetation, egg yolks and in some flowers the commercial sources are the petals of the Aztec marigold and, to a lesser extent, alfalfa. 

The Ligulate or Strap-shaped corolla is nearly confined to the family Compositas. It is usually tubular at the base, the remainder resembling a single petal. Examples Marigold, and Arnica Flowers. 

Properties Extracted from the dried ground flower petals of the Aztec marigold Tagetes erecta L. Mp 53.5—55.0°. A permissible food additive used to increase the yellow color of the skin and eggs of poultry. 

A diverse array of sources and preparative procedures are available to obtain organic carotenoids. - Lutein may be extracted from the petals of the Mexican marigold (Tagetes erecta) (Fig. 7.32). [69] Since xanthophyils occur in Nature mostly as esters, and while the free alcohol form is advantageous for many applications, the extraction process with a hydrocarbon is often followed by a hydrolytic step. [63]... 

Definition Hexane extract of the flower petals of the Aztec marigold, Tagetes erecta Properties M.p. 53.5-55 C acid no. 0.6-1.2 iodine no. 132-145 sapon. no. 175-200 Uses Yellow colorant for chicken feed to enhance color of poultry skin and eggs natural flavoring agent in foods botanical, skin conditioner in cosmetics Use Level 0.05% max. in skin cosmetics likely to be exposed to sunlight... 

Alam, A.U., Creger, C.R. and Couch, J.R. (1968) Petals of aztec marigold, Tagetes erecta, as a source of pigment for avian species. J. Food Sci. 33, 635-636. 

Other carotenoids such as lycopene from tomato and its industrial waste [65-68] and lutein esters from marigold (Tagetes erecta) petals [69-71] had been extracted with supercritical fluids, achieving better extractiOT yields when modifiers and cosolvents were used as acetone, chloroform, ethanol, and vegetable oils. 

Isol. from petals of T. erecta (African marigold) and Lepidophorum, Tetragonotheca and Anacyclus spp. 

Aaec marigold ITageiss meall Flower petals of Anec marigold Chicken feed to promote yellow skin and and egg color... 

With emphasis on natural color, there are many opportunities for new sources. Marigold has now become a sourc of color. Sunflower petals could be used for their golden petals. Gardenia fruits (Gardenia jasminoides), give yellow-red and blue food color. There has been some commercial use but there is a potential for more widespread use (68). 

Z. (2008) Extraction of lutein from Marigold flower petals-experimental kinetics and modeling. Food Sci. Tech-nol, 41, 2008-2016. 

Tagetes meal is the dried ground flower petals of Aztec marigold T. erecta)-, tagetes extract is the hexane extract of the flower petals of Aztec marigold. ... 

The flower petals of Aztec marigold (T. erecta) is reported to contain mainly carotenoids, especially lutein and its esters (dipal-mitate, dimyristate, and monomyristate) (jiANGsu) and zeaxanthin cis and trans isomers) as the major pigments a-terthienyl is also present. 

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