Management sound project

ERA in general is a process, as is EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment), and not the occasional report or document that is published at various steps. The framework for the orderly process, which has been developed for various environmentally sound projects can be applied also for acidification oriented projects and especially for an evaluation of ecosystem sensitivity to acid deposition and critical load calculations. Central management of the process is an essential feature. 

The multitude, chronology and interaction of the activities require sound project management. This includes different variants /4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5/ the two most important of which-from the author s point of view-are explained below. Functional oiganizaiton structure The company is... 

Successful installation, or roll-out, of your PSM systems requires sound planning and effective execution. No matter how diligent you have been, or how receptive and well-managed your company may be, no system as complex as PSM can work perfectly the first time. As every project manager knows, it s impossible to anticipate every outcome or contingency—especially when human behavior is involved. Pilot testing a new system provides the opportunity to identify weaknesses under controlled conditions this in turn enables you to fix problems before the system becomes fully operational. Once these problems are corrected, the pilot test produces a template for installation that can be replicated elsewhere. 

With the capital needs calculated, it is now necessary to determine what profit (if any) the plant will make. It is assumed that the project is to be implemented as a result of some sound market research that might have shown an appropriate need in the marketplace. This research might also have shown what the plant capacity should be, and should have given guidance as to the likely sales price for the product - although this will normally be a management decision based upon the market entry strategy. An established product will probably have to go in at a discount on the present market price while a new product may be able to be priced on a cost-plus-reasonable-profit basis. 

The project enables risk assessments (or components thereof) to be performed using internationally accepted methods, and these assessments can then be shared to avoid duplication and optimize use of valuable resources for risk management. It also promotes sound science as a basis for risk management decisions, promotes transparency in risk assessment and reduces unnecessary testing of chemicals. Advances in scientific knowledge can be translated into new harmonized methods. 

Strategic Program 1 Integrating Sound Chemicals Management in GEF Projects, and... 

Often the project in question is not, by itself, the concern of the neighbors, and the public hearing will often turn out to be a sounding board for an accumulation of problems. It is important for the Venture Manager to recognize the nature of the public relations and be prepared to do some negotiating with the zoning board. 

As the purpose of investing money in a chemical plant is to earn money, some means of comparing the economic performance of projects is needed. Before a company agrees to spend a large amount of capital on a proposed project, the management must be convinced that the project will provide a sound investment compared to other alternatives. This section introduces the principal methods used for making economic comparisons between projects. 

We have also benefited from and enjoyed working with the Elsevier staff, especially Managing Editor, Mindy Hutchinson Developmental Editor, EUen Wurm and Senior Project Manager, Rachel Dowell. Their patience, warm cooperation, sound advice, and professional dedication are gratefully acknowledged. 

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