Mammals, environmental impact

The environmental impact programs carried out over the past decade have primarily been concerned with evaluating impacts on forest songbirds, small mammals, fish, aquatic invertebrates, honeybees, and non-target insects of various formulations of... 

Environmental Impacts Aldicarb is acutely toxic to mammals, and very highly toxic to birds, aquatic invertebrates and fish . 

Environmental Impacts Monocrotophos is extremely toxic to birds and is used as a bird poison. It is also very poisonous to mammals, and highly toxic to bees. 

Environmental Impacts Methyl parathion is highly toxic for aquatic invertebrates , and moderately toxic to mammals such as rats, dogs and rabbits . The chemical has been implicated in the deaths of waterfowl and the acute poisoning of fish, birds, cattle and wild animals. In 1995 a mixture of methyl parathion and endosulfan led to the death of over 240,000 fish in Alabama, when heavy rain washed the pesticides washed from the cotton fields and into rivers . 

We must always recognize that pesticide metabolism studies cannot be considered as an end in themselves but rather, they are a means toward an end. For the ultimate value of a metabolism study, be it in microorganisms, plants, birds, laboratory mammals, or v atever, is its yield of data valuable toward further assessment of the toxicological significance of the pesticide in question to lower organisms (i.e., its environmental impact) or, more importantly, to assess toxicological significance to man himself. 

Environmental impact It is undeniable that the environmental impact of the disaster was catastrophic. The oil spiU lasted for about 87 days before it was stopped. An independent analysis indicated that the total spilled oil was around 185 million gallons plus another 33.8 million gallons that were captured by BP. As a result, hundreds of miles of shoreline were oiled and large areas of the sea were closed to fishermen. Moreover, wildlife was affected by the oil spill thousands of birds, fish, turtles and marine mammals were killed. 

The larger concern about nitro-aromatic compounds is that environmental exposure to these molecules can cause cancer in humans and in other living organisms. Nitro-aromatic compounds are acutely toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic in laboratory mammals and in vitro test systems [6, 8]. Despite the potential negative impact of nitro-aromatic compounds on human health, they continue to be emitted into ambient air from municipal incinerators [9], motor vehicles (particularly from diesel exhausts) [10, 11], industrial power plants [12], and other sources. Evidence... 

Wave energy converters will be among the least environmentally harmful energy sources with minimal chemical and shipping hazard risk and zero visual impact for offshore devices (although there are some with shoreline-based devices). There are, however, as yet unconfirmed suggestions of low-frequency effects on marine mammals. 

Amphibians differ in three important ways from mammals with respect to synthesis of eicosanoids (i) they have EPA as a natural substrate, and thus can potentially produce 3-series prostaglandins and 5 series leukotrienes without dietary supplementation (ii) nucleated erythrocytes and thrombocytes produce cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase products endogenously and (iii) synthesis of eicosanoids is regulated, at least in part, by environmental temperature. These differences impact the actions of eicosanoids in the cardiovascular system of amphibians. 

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