Major histocompatibility complex polymorphism

Caruso C, Candore G, Romano GC, Lio D, Bonafe M, Valensin S, Franceschi C. Immunogenetics of longevity. Is major histocompatibility complex polymorphism relevant to the control of human longevity A review of literature data. Mech Agein Dev 2001 122 445 162. 

Group of transmembrane proteins engaged in the presentation of small peptide fragments to T-cells. Two classes of Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules exist both of which are encoded by a highly polymorphic gene cluster. MHC class I and class II proteins present peptide fragments to CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells, respectively. The human MHC is also known as HLA, the murine MHC as H-2 complex. 

Fig. 14.3 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) locus with some of the polymorphic sites known within the TNF locus. C2, C4, complement C2, C4 Ch, chromosome HLA, human leukocyte antigen HSP, heat shock protein LTA, lymphotoxin A LTB, lymphotoxin B MHC, major histocompatibility complex. (Reproduced from ref 74 by permission of Future Medicine Ltd.)...

ETN, etanercept IL, interleukin INF, infliximab MHC, major histocompatibility complex PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism. 

The MHC proteins are named after the "major histocompatibility complex —the DNA segment that codes for them. Human MHC proteins are also known as HLA antigens ( human leukocyte-associated antigens). Their polymorphism is so large that it is unlikely... 

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC). A cluster of genes encoding cell surface antigens that are polymorphic within a species and have a crucial function in signalling between lymphocytes and cells expressing antigen and in recognition of self. 

Human leukocyte antigens are polymorphic cell-surface molecules that are intimately involved in the regulation of the immune response. The antigens are encoded by a series of closely linked genes known as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which is located on the short arm of chromosome 6 (BIO). The complex extends over approximately 4000 kilobases or 4 x 10 nucleotides and contains three distinct subregions known as class I, class II, and class III (T19) (see Fig. 1). 

By GD 50, the primordial thymus contains a polymorphic cell population and is on an obvious differentiation into cortex and medullary zones. The first T-like cells can be identified histologically by GD 50 but do not show CD3-positive immunoreactivity (Buse et al., 2006). The first cells that have been identified immunohistochemically are those expressing Human Leukocyte Antigen-D Region (HLA-DR of the major histocompatibility complex, class... 

Mwenda JM, Flashiba K, Bambra CS, Shotake T. Analysis of primate major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-DQAl locus by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Cell Mol Biol 1997 43 471-475. 

Briles, W.E., Goto, R.M., Auffray, C. Miller, M.M. (1993). A polymorphic system related to but genetically independent of the chicken major histocompatibility complex. Immunogenetics, 37, 408-14. 

Emara, M.G., Nestor, K.E., Foster, D.N. Lamont, S.J. (1992). The turkey major histocompatibility complex identification of Class II genotypes by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid. Poult. Sci., 71, 2083-9. 

Kaufman, J., Salomonsen, J., Skjodt, K. Thorpe, D. (1990). Size polymorphism of the chicken major histocompatibility complex-encoded B-G molecules is due to length variation in the cytoplasmic heptad repeat region. Proc. Nall. Acad. Sci. USA, 87, 8277-81. 

Lamont, S.J., Gemdt, B.M., Warner, CM. Bacoa L.D. (1990). Analysis of restriction length polymorphisms of the major histocompatibility complex of 15I,B[Pg.247]

Miller, M.M., Abplanalp, H. Goto, R. (1988). Genotyping chickens for the B-G subregion of the major histocompatibility complex using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Immmogeneiics. 28, 374-9. 

The urinary scents of wild house mice provide each individual with a unique olfactory signature. Two highly polymorphic gene clusters appear to provide the main basis for individuality scents in mice the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and the major urinary proteins (MUPs) (see Thom et al. and Hurst et al., this volume). These... 

Spontaneous H-2 mutants provide evidence that a copy mechanism analogous to gene conversion generates polymorphism in the major histocompatibility complex, Proc. Nat. Acad, Sci. USA, 80 242. 

Ishihara M, Ohno S, Mizuki N, et al. Genetic polymorphisms of the major histocompatibility complex-encoded antigen-processing genes TAP and LMP in sarcoidosis. Hum Immunol 1996 45(2) 105-110. 

Camarena A, Juarez A, Mejia M, et al. Major histocompatibility complex and tumor necrosis factor-alpha polymorphisms in pigeon breeder s disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001 163(7) 1528-1533. 

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