Rubia Madder

Analysis of dyed fibres allows identification of real colouring components of natural dyestuffs taking part in the dyeing process. Wool threads dyed with madder (Rubia tinc-torum) as well as Our Lady s bedstraw (Galium verum), were studied by HPLC DAD ESI MS" (SIM mode).[8] Chromatograms of the extracts from wool dyed with madder... 

Some of these structures retain the methyl from the isoprenyl substituent, whilst in others this has been removed, e.g. alizarin from madder (Rubia tinctomm Rubiaceae), presumably via an oxidation-decarboxylation sequence. Hydroxylation, particularly in the terpenoid-derived ring, is also a frequent feature. 

In recent decades, numerous dyer s plants of the type of madder (Rubia tinctorum L.) have again been investigated for their constituents. With the aid of modern methods of instrumental analysis, no less than 23 different components belonging to the class of hydroxyanthraquinones have been identified in madder roots (32-3A), for instance, besides five hydroxyanthraquinone glycosides, of which rubia-nin (Constitution VIII in table I) (35) is of particular interest,... 

Figure 1. TLC of dyes of various madder types. 1, madder (Rubia tinc-torum L.) 2, wild madder (R. peregrina L.) 3, Indian madder (R. cor-difolia L.)i 4, Japanese madder (R. akane) 5, relbun root (Relbunium hypocarpium (L.) HEMSL.) 6, lady s bedstraw (Galium verum L.) 7, alizarin 8, purpurin + pseudopurpurin (lower spot) 9, munjistin.

Result The warp and filling threads are composed of natural silk, grounde with the lichen dye orchil (C.I.Natural Red 28) and dyed with madder (Rubia tintorum). 

The major constituent in the extract of madder, Rubia tinctorum (Rubiaceae), was identified as lucidin-3-O-primeveroside (342), a commonly used food pigment. It exhibited antifeedant activity against the carpet beetle, Attagenus japonicus 50 This opens the window for using dyes from either R. akane or R. tinctorum to protect textile against these textile pests. 

Madder Rubia tinctorum Xysmalobium Xysmalobium undulatum... 

Rubia. Madder. Rubia tinctorum. W. I. 603. Radix. The root. 

THE MADDER, Rubia tinctorum, L., family Rubiaceae, gives the drug Rubiae tinctori radix containing ruberythrinic acid (alizarin glycoside), which has antiinflammatory, diuretic and spasmolytic effect on the urinary tract. By chelating it inhibits, in acidic urine... 

C,4Hs04, Mr 240.22, orange-red to purple-red needles or prisms, mp. 290 °C, uv 434 nm (C2H5OH) very poorly soluble in boiling water, soluble in alcohols, ethers, aromatic hydrocarbons, and glacial acetic acid. A. occurs in rhizomes of madder (Rubia tinctorum. 

Common madder (Rubia tinctorum) [46] is a plant already known in the Middle East back in ancient times. From its roots a red extract, called lake, could be isolated (Fig. 2.17). It was already described by Phny the Elder. The Arabic name for the red root is alizari . 

The anthraquinones of madder, Rubia tinctoria (Rubiaceae), are well known. Most of the anthraquinones occur as glycosides within the plant. One of these, ruberythric acid (67), a diglucoside, can be converted to alizarin (62) by hydrolysis. Many biosynthetic studies have been carried out... 

Ino, N. Tanaka, T. Okumura, A. Morishita, Y. Makita, H. Kato, Y. Nakamura, M. Mori, H. Acute and subacute toxicity tests of madder root, natural colorant extracted from madder (Rubia tinctorium), in (C57BL/6 X C3H)F1 mice. Toxicol. Ind. Health 1995,11,449-458. 

Opium poppy, Papaver somniferumy reportedly caused allergic contact dermatitis to codeine in producers [188]. A vineyard worker and a gardener developed contact dermatitis of the hands by pulling wild madder Rubia sp.), a plant which at one time was the source of alizarin [189]. One agricultural student ostensibly reacted to Ailanthus altissimay the tree of heaven, but this was not proven [190]. 

As anthraquinones are yellow-brown pigments many have been used historically as dyes for textiles, for example dyer s madder Rubia tinctoria). They are also known as anthracene glycosides, since anthracene was the first compound isolated, by French chemists Dumas and Lambert, in 1832. 

Madder Rubia Tinctorun Madder s leafy tops sprawl untidily over the ground and their clusters of yellow-green glowers are insignificant Yet to the dyer, madder is a miracle of colour because its roots contain alizarin, one of the most valuable red dye pigments ever known... 

Hydrolyzed root extracts from rhubarb and madder Rubia tinctomm) are applied as bands (2 cm) on silica gel layers and developed in three different solvent systems. All systems separated at least five yellow pigments from rhubarb and several pink-to-purple pigments from madder. Calculated / /are given in Table 12. 

Red/Pink Madder (Rubia Rubia discolor Scarlet bugler Bark mixtures Madder... 

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