Macrolide-azalide

Bacterial ribosome function Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines Chloramphenicol Macrolides, azalides Fusidic acid Mupirocin Distort SOS ribosomal subunit Block SOS ribosomal subunit Inhibits peptidyl transferase Block translocation Inhibits elongation factor Inhibits isoleucyl-tRNA synthesis No action on 40S subunit Excluded by mammalian cells No action on mammalian equivalent No action on mammalian equivalent Excluded by mammalian cells No action on mammalian equivalent... [Pg.163]

Resistance to commonly prescribed antimicrobials such as the penicillins and macrolides/azalides increased dramatically in the late 1980s through the middle to late 1990s. Table 68-2 provides resistance information collected nationally from 1999 to 2004 using the Tracking Resistance in the US Today (TRUST) surveillance database.26 In 2004, the average national rate of resistance to penicillin and macrolides was approximately 18% and 25%, respectively. Susceptibility results alone do not account for clinical success or failures when treating pneumonia. [Pg.1054]

The comorbid conditions that can affect therapy and outcomes in patients with CAP include diabetes mellitus, COPD, congestive heart failure, and renal failure.27,28 If the patient has not received antibiotics in the past 3 months, then clarithromycin or azithromycin is the recommended first-line therapy by the IDSA. If the patient has received antibiotics in the last 3 months, then the IDSA recommends using either a respiratory fluoroquinolone alone or a combination of an oral P-lactam and an advanced macrolide/azalide (e.g., clarithromycin/azithromydn). The ATS recommends combination therapy or monotherapy with a respiratory fluoroquinolone for all patients with comorbidities. The p-lactam agents recommended include high-dose amoxicillin, high-dose amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefpodoxime, cefprozil, and cefuroxime. [Pg.1056]

As such, patients with penicillin allergies should be treated with a first-generation cephalosporin (if non-type I allergy), a macrolide/azalide, or clindamycin. Recurrent infections caused by reinfection, poor adherence to therapy, or true penicillin failure can be treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate, clindamycin, or penicillin G benzathine.45... [Pg.1073]

Macrolides/azalides Digoxin Decreased digoxin bioavailability and metabolism Monitor digoxin SDC avoid if possible... [Pg.396]

Previously healthy, ambulatory patient Pneumococcus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae Macrolide/azalide/ tetracycline0... [Pg.487]

Chronic bronchitis Pneumococcus, H. influenzae, M. catarrhafis Amoxicillin, tetracycline,0 Irimethoprim-sulfametiioxazole, cefuroxime, amoxi-cillin-clavulanate, macrolid azalide/ fluoroquinolone... [Pg.487]

See section on treatment of bacterial pneumonia. Macrolide/azalide erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin. cTetracydine tetracycline hydrochloride, doxycydine. Cephalosporin cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime. eCarbapenem imipenem-cilastatin, meropenem. Fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, or levofloxacin. [Pg.487]

Macrolide/azalide erythromycin, clarithromydn-azithromycin. femisynthetic penicillin nafcillin, oxacillin. [Pg.488]

International Conference on Macrolides, Azalides, Streptogramins, and Ketolides (ICMASKO)—ICMASKO is a biannual conference that is attended primarily by infectious diseases researchers who present their research on macrolides, azalides, streptogramins, and ketolides. This is a relatively small, intimate meeting that allows for networking for those in attendance. [Pg.475]

Acute tracheobronchitis No underlying structural disease Usually a virus 1. None unless symptoms persist 2. Amoxicillin amoxicillin-clavulanate or a macrolide/azalide... [Pg.1947]

See section on treatment of bacterial pneumonia. Macrolide/azalide erythromycin, clarithromycin-azithromycin. Tetracycline tetracycline HCI, doxycycline. [Pg.1957]

Macrolides/Azalides. The macrohde clarithromycin and azalide azithromycin represent substantial advances in the treatment of MAC but demonstrate limited activity against M. tuberculosis and are not used frequently for... [Pg.2030]

Agouridas, C., Bonnefoy, A., and Chantot, J-F. (1998). HMR3647 Antibacterial activity and resistance. In Abstracts of the 4th International Conference on the Macrolides, Azalides, Strep-togramins Ketolides, p. 25 (Abstr. 1.24). ICMAS, Barcelona, Spain. [Pg.498]

Prescott LM Macrolides, azalides, and strcptogramiuins. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care 2C4V.35-37,... [Pg.266]

Giguere S, Macrolides, azalides and ketolides, in Giguere S, Prescott JE, Baggot JD, Walker RD, Dowling PM, eds.. Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine, 4th ed., Blackwell, Ames, lA, 2006, pp. 191-205. [Pg.53]

Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...