Lymphocytes mitogenesis

Bowlin, T. L., McKown, B. J., Babcock, G. F., and Sunkara, P. S. (1987). Intracellular polyamine biosynthesis is required for interleukin-2 respt>nsiveness during lymphocyte mitogenesis. Cell. Immunol. 106, 420-427. 

Milk-derived whole whey proteins, whey protein hydrolysates and individual whey proteins have been shown to modulate lymphocyte functions in vitro. Whole whey protein was demonstrated to suppress bovine T-lymphocyte mitogenesis at a concentration of 1.1 ng/ml in cell culture (Torre and Oliver, 1989a,b). Wong et al. (1996a, 1998b) observed that bovine... 

Sakazaki, H. Ueno, H. Umetani, K. Utsumi, H. Nakamuro, K. Immunotoxicological evaluation of environmental chemicals utilizing mouse lymphocyte mitogenesis test. J. Health Sci. 2001,47, 258-271. 

Lavoie, E.T., and Grasman, K.A., Isolation, cryopreservation, and mitogenesis of peripheral blood lymphocytes from chickens (Gallus domesticus) and wild herring gulls (Larus argentatus), Arch. Environ Contam. Toxicol., 48, 552, 2005. 

The importance of ERK activation by the 5-HT1A receptor is highlighted by the observation that the receptor can stimulate proliferation of T-lymphocytes (13), pancreatic carcinoid tumor cells (52), human small cell lung carcinoma cells (53), and transfected cell lines (25,54). In contrast, endogenous lymphocyte 5-HT1A receptors have been implicated in the inhibition of mitogenesis (55). 

In experimental animals, vitamin E deficiency depresses immune system function, with reduced mitogenesis of B and T lymphocytes, reduced phagocytosis and chemotaxis, and reduced production of antibodies and interleukin-2. This suggests a signaling role in the immune system (Moriguchi and Muraga, 2000). 

Pfeifer, R. W., Patterson, R. M. (1986). Modulation of lectin-stimulated lymphocyte agglutination and mitogenesis by estrogen metabolites Effects on early events of lymphocyte activation. 

Initial biological studies revealed that (+)-discodermolide suppresses both the two-way mixed-lymphocyte reaction and the concanavalin A induced mitogenesis of murine splenocytes in vitro (IC50 0.24 nM and 0.19 nM respectively) with no associated cytotoxicity [4]. (+)-Discodermolide also inhibits the graft versus host-splenomegaly response induced by injection of parental splenocytes into FI recipient mice, with potency intermediate between those of cyclosporin A and FK 506 [5]. These findings stimulated considerable interest in discodermolide as a possible immunosuppressant. 

Studies on the env ironmental exposure of anticholinesterase pesticidc.s on humans are very limited. One study involved individuals exposed to chlorpyrifos (a chlorinated OP) with respect to their lymphocyte subpopulations in blood (Thrasher et at., 2002). Chlorpyrifos-exposed individuals, whether showing clinical symptoms of anticholinesterase toxicity or not, had a decrease in the relative percentage of CD5 (found on B la, a. subpopulaticn of B cells involved in the production of autoreactivc antibodies) and decreased mitogenesis of... 

Interferon-y can induce arteriosclerotic changes in the absence of immunocytes by potentiating VSMC mitogenesis (190). In Apo E -/-mice, interferon-y deficiency decreased atherosclerosis, in males only, by decreasing T-lymphocyte presence and cell activation without influencing serum cholesterol concentration (191). 

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