Host-splenomegaly response

Initial biological studies revealed that (+)-discodermolide suppresses both the two-way mixed-lymphocyte reaction and the concanavalin A induced mitogenesis of murine splenocytes in vitro (IC50 0.24 nM and 0.19 nM respectively) with no associated cytotoxicity [4]. (+)-Discodermolide also inhibits the graft versus host-splenomegaly response induced by injection of parental splenocytes into FI recipient mice, with potency intermediate between those of cyclosporin A and FK 506 [5]. These findings stimulated considerable interest in discodermolide as a possible immunosuppressant. 

Systemic and local immune responses, humoral and cellular, are mounted by the host but these are not associated with host protection. Necrosis of Peyer s patches, which may lead to intestinal perforation, is attributed to interaction of bacterial factors and host immune response. It is also interest that in typhoid fever there is no strong association with HIV infection, whereas in HIV infection there is an increased incidence of non-typhi Salmonella infection. Headache, pharyngitis and arthralgia may be present. Gastrointestinal symptoms are usually constipation, abdominal pain and tenderness. Other symptoms which may occur are diarrhea, the pea soup type containing inflammatory mononuclear cells. The biliary tree and liver is involved presenting cholecystitis and hepatitis. Splenomegaly may develop. 

---