Lymph node assay

Reduced local lymph node assay (rLLNA) for skin sensitization EU, US... 

Kimber, I. and Weisenberger, C., A murine local lymph node assay for the identification of contact allergens. Assay development and results of an initial validation study, Arch. Toxicol., 63, 274, 1989. 

Kimber, I. et al., The local lymph node assay past, present and future, Contact Dermatitis, 47, 315, 2002. 

Sailstad, D.M. et al., ICCVAM evaluation of the murine local lymph node assay. I. The ICCVAM review process, Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 34, 249, 2001. 

OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals 429 Skin Sensitisation Local Lymph Node Assay. Adopted April 24, 2002). 

The most important advance in ACD testing has been the development of the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA). Although the general concept originated in the 1960s,... 

Kimber, I., Hilton, J. and Botam, P. A., Identification of contact allergens using the murine local lymph node assay comparison with the Buehler occluded patch test in guinea pigs, J. ofAppl. Toxicol., 10, 173, 1990. 

Finally, multiparameter flow cytometry has the potential to improve existing methodologies for the evaluation of immunotoxicological endpoints such as the natural killer cell (NK) assay and the local lymph node assay (LLNA) to evaluate innate immunity and chemical-induced allergic disease. Accepted methodologies typically utilize radio-... 

Kanikkannan, N., et al., Evaluation of skin sensitization potential of jet fuels by murine local lymph node assay, Toxicol. Lett., 116, 165, 2000. 

Aida, T. et al., Evaluation of allergenic potential of low-molecular compounds by mouse popliteal lymph node assay. J. Toxicol. Sci., 23, 425, 1998. 

Bloksma, N. et al., Predictive immunotoxicological test systems Suitability of the popliteal lymph node assay in mice and rats. Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 25, 369, 1995. 

Goebel, C. et al., The popliteal lymph node assay in mice Screening of drugs and other chemicals for immunotoxic hazard. Inflamm. Res., 45 Suppl. 2, S85,1996. 

Descotes, J., The popliteal lymph node assay A tool for studying the mechanisms of drug-induced autoimmune disorders. Toxicol. Lett., 64-65 Spec No, 101,1992. 

Albers, R. et al., The use of reporter antigens in the popliteal lymph node assay to assess immunomodulation by chemicals. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 143, 102, 1997. 

Gutting, B.W. et al., A comparison of the direct and reporter antigen popliteal lymph node assay for the detection of immunomodulation by low molecular weight compounds. Toxicol. Sci., 51, 71, 1999. 

Pieters, R., and Albers, R., Assessment of autoimmunogenic potential of xenobiotics using the popliteal lymph node assay. Methods, 19, 71, 1999. 

NIEHS, Interagency Coordinating Committee for Validation of Alternative Methods (IC-CVAM) Peer Review Panel Evaluation of the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) Report, 1999. 

Basketter, D.A., Gerberick, G.F., and Kimber, I., Skin sensitisation, vehicle effects and, the local lymph node assay. Food Chem. Toxicol., 39, 621, 2001. 

Warbrick, E.V., et al., Influence of application vehicle on skin sensitization to methylchlo-rothiazolinone/isothiazolinone An analysis using the local lymph node assay. Contact Dermatitis, 41, 325, 1999. 

Wright, Z.M., et al., Vehicle effects on the skin sensitizing potency of four chemicals assessment using the local lymph node assay. Ini. J. Cosmetic Sci., 23, 75. 

Basketter, D.A., et al., Use of the local lymph node assay for the estimation of relative contact allergenic potency. Contact Dermatitis, 42, 344, 2000. 

Gerberick, G.F., et al., Contact allergenic potency correlation of human and local lymph node assay data. Am. J. Contact Dermat., 12, 156, 2001. 

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