Lubrication Base Oils

IARC. 1984. Carbon blacks, mineral oils, (lubricant base oils and derived products) and some nitroarenes. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risk Chem Hum 33 86-167. 

Miller, S.J., O Rear, D.J., and Rosenbaum, J. (2005) Processes for producing lubricant base oils with optimized branching. United States Patent Application Publication US 0077209 A1... 

In order to be used as an additive in various types of textile lubricants, surfactants should have high miscibility with base oils as well as the other fundamental surfactant characteristics such as lubricity improving ability and antistatic properties. Table XVI shows the miscibility of C a gAE vari°us lubricant base oils in comparison with that of NPE(IOEO). Good miscibility of SAE can be seen in the Table. Further information, including practical examples, is contained1 in Union Carbide Corp. s booklet on Tergitol 15-S nonionics(20). 

Sequeira A., Lubricant Base Oil and Wax Processing (Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York 1994) 262-278. 

Finally, ZSM-5 is used to dewax gas oils and lubricating base oils, and to produce low-temperatme diesel fuel. In all these cases, the processes catalytically remove long-chain waxy n-aUcanes, which otherwise crystallize out at low temperatmes and cause increased viscosity. 

LUBRICATING BASE OILS FROM FISCHER-TROPSCH WAX AND WASTE PLASTIC... 

Table 13.1 shows the yields and inspections from the pyrolysis run in the one gallon per day pilot plant with HDPE. The yield of 385°C+ product, with an endpoint of about 593°C, suitable for lubricating base oil, was 51.4 wt% based on plastic in the feed. At the conditions of the run, there was only 6 wt% 538°C+ in the product, yet only about 5 wt% of the low valued C4- light ends. Minimizing both might be possible through further optimization. 

S. J. Miller, N. Shah and G. P. Huffman, Conversion of waste plastic to lubricating base oil, Energy and Fuels, 19, 1580-1586 (2005). 

Wang, X.Z. and Chen, B.H. (1998). Clustering of Infrared Spectra of Lubricating Base Oils Using Adaptive Resonance Theory. J.Chem.Inf.Comput.ScL, 38,457-462. 

Wang, Y.Z. Li, R.L. Denitrogenation of lubricating base oils by solid acid. Petrol. Sci. Technol. 

Several promising chromatographic techniques have been reported for the analysis of lubricant base oils. Rod thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) have all been used for fuel oil analysis and base oil content. 

Pour point is the lowest temperature at which an oil sample will flow by gravity alone. The oil is warmed and then cooled at a specified rate. The test jar is removed from the cooling bath at intervals to see if the sample is still mobile. The procedure is repeated until movement of the oil does not occur, ASTM D97/IP 15. The pour point is the last temperature before movement ceases, not the temperature at which solidification occurs. This is an important property of diesel fuels as well as lubricant base oils. High-viscosity oils may cease to flow at low temperatures because their viscosity becomes too high rather than because of wax formation. In these cases, the pour point will be higher than the cloud point. 

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