Lithium primary batteries charging

This class of electrolytes gives the technology of lithium primary batteries a special exotic attraction. The fluid electrolyte mixture acts as the media of transfer of electric charges between anode and cathode as described above. In addition it also contains the cathodic active substance, which is in direct contact to the anodic counterpart, the lithium metal, but nonetheless reacts separately in a distance from the anode at a cathodic support electrode by consumption of electrons from the outer circuit. This paradoxical behavior is possible because of the cathode s ability to create a... 

One of the potential advantages of the lithium metal rechargeable batteries is their good charge retention which, in many cases, should be similar to the charge retention characteristics of the lithium primary batteries. 

Lithium ion battery is strict with voltage, current and temperature whether in charging or discharging, which should be controlled strictly in the process of charing (WANG 2005). Some primary notices as follows ... 

While the development of primary cells with a lithium anode has been crowned by relatively fast success and such cells have filled their secure rank as power sources for portable devices for public and special purposes, the history of development of lithium rechargeable batteries was full of drama. Generally, the chemistry of secondary batteries in aprotic electrolytes is very close to the chemistry of primary ones. The same processes occur under discharge in both types of batteries anodic dissolution of lithium on the negative electrode and cathodic lithium insertion into the crystalline lattice of the positive electrode material. Electrode processes must occur in the reverse direction under charge of the secondary battery with a negative electrode of metallic lithium. Already at the end of the 1970s, positive electrode materials were found, on which cathodic insertion and anodic extraction of lithium occur practically reversibly. Examples of such compounds are titanium and molybdenum disulfides. 

The charge retention or shelf life of the primary batteries is much superior to that of the conventional aqueous secondary cells. Hence these secondary batteries have to be maintained in a charged condition or recharged periodically to maintain them in a state of readiness. Figure 6.7 compares the charge retention of various types of batteries when stored at different temperatures. The superior charge retention of most of the lithium batteries, both primary and secondary, is illustrated. 

Charging. Lithium batteries, as well as the other primary batteries, are not designed to be recharged. If they are, they may vent or explode. Batteries which are connected in parallel or which may be exposed to a charging source (as in battery-backup CMOS memory circuits) should be diode-protected to prevent charging (see Sec. 5.2.4). 

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