Lipoprotein antigens

E8. Emancipator, K., Low bias in assayed values of lipoprotein antigens-lipoprotein(a) and apo-lipoproteins A-l and B- in midday postprandial blood specimens compared with morning fasting specimens. Clin. Chem. (Winston-Salem, NC) 38, 431-433 (1992). 

Bobnis W, Millo B, Gregorczyk J. 1976. Immunologic evaluation of -lipoprotein antigen in the serum of men expose to carbon disulfide over protracted periods of time. Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis 24 21-28. 

Novotny W. F Girard T. J., Miletich J. P., Broze G. J. Platelets secrete a coagulation inhibitor functionally and antigenically similar to the lipoprotein associated coagulation inhibitor. Blood 1988 72,2020-5. 

Antigens usually are macromolecules that contain distinct antigenic sites or epitopes , which can be recognized and interact with the various components of the immune system. They can exist as individual molecules composed of synthetic organic chemicals, proteins, lipoproteins, glycoproteins, RNA, DNA, polysaccharides—or they may be parts of cellular structures (bacteria or fungi) or viruses (Male et al., 1987 Harlow and Lane, 1988). 

Lymphocyte antigen CD45 Human chorionic gonadotropin Lipoprotein (a)... 

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor Human lymphocyte antigen CD8 Interleukin-2 receptor Rat renal a-glutamyltranspeptidase Sucrase and isomaltase... 

Berg (B6) found a new antigenically distinct lipoprotein in 30-40% of a sample of a Scandinavian population. He designated it lipoprotein (a) or Lp(a) and considered it a dominant qualitative trait (B7, H29). 

Only nine years after its discovery in plasma as an antigenic trait, a relationship was suggested between lipoprotein(a) and coronary heart disease (CHD) (B6, D2). Moreover, an interesting relationship between longevity and Lp(a) concentrations was reported by Berg (B10) The frequency of higher Lp(a) levels in very old persons (>83 years) was lower than in the reference population. The same observation was made by Knapp (K18) in black American men. This... 

The discovery of Lp(a) by Berg in 1962 (B6) relied on the production of rabbit antisera against beta-lipoprotein and on the selective absorption of these antisera with individual human sera. When certain human sera were used for absorption, the antisera retained precipitation capacity in radial immunodiffusion with 30-35% of individual human sera, which obviously contained a previous unknown antigen. The particle carrying the new antigen shared antigenic properties with beta-lipoprotein, but had an additional antigenic structure. This was evidenced from the only partial fusion of the precipitin bands formed between a positive human serum, the antibeta lipoprotein antiserum and the new absorbed antiserum. 

So, according to Emancipator (E8), a meal has a clinically significant influence on the Lp(a) level, as measured by ELISA methods (the effect decreases 2 h after the meal). Whether this is caused by a different distribution of apo(a) and Lp(a) over other lipoproteins, in which antigenic determinants are covered, is not clear. 

After total delipidation of the Lp (a)-lipoprotein, only apo VLDL is soluble in 0.9% NaCl and detectable by immunochemical means (S28). It therefore seems unlikely that the specific antigenic determinant of the Lp (a)-lipoprotein is located on or is part of the apo VLDL protein moiety. At present, the nature of the antigenic determinant of Lp(a)-lipoprotein is not known. 

G6. Garoff, H., Simons, K., Ehnholm, C., and Berg, K., Demonstration by disc electrophoresis of the lipoprotein carrying the Lp(a) antigen in human sera. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. B7S, 253-254 (1970). 

Schultz, J. S., Shreffier, D. S., and Harvie, N. R., Genetic and antigenic studies and partial purification of human serum lipoprotein carrying the Lp antigenic determinant. Proe. Nat. Acad. Sd. U.S. 61, 963-970 (1968). 

Ul. Utermann, G., and Wiegandt, H., Darstellung und characterisierung einer lipoproteins mit antigen wirksamkeit im Lp-system. Humangenetik 8, 39-46 (1969). 

CN139 Muller, H., A. S. Lindman, A. Blomfeldt, I. Seljeflot, and ]. I. Pedersen. A diet rich in coconut oil reduces diurnal postprandial variations in circulating tissue plasminogen activator antigen and fasting lipoprotein (a) compared with a diet rich in unsaturated fat in women. J Nutr 2003 133(11) 3422-3427. 

O-antigen of 180 structures of 430 Lipoprotein(s) 58 bacterial 428 Liposomes 392, 392-394 NMR spectra 396 Liquid crystals 392-394 Liquid crystalline phases 392 Lithium salts, in treatment of manic-depressive illness 564 Lithostatine 443 Liverworts 29... 

Thus, lipopolysaccharides are potent pyrogens in man and rabbits. Furthermore, they are mitogens for B-lymphocytes (mouse) and they induce lethal toxicity in various experimental animals (.7). The lipoprotein (IS. coli) is also a B-cell mitogen it is, however, devoid of pyrogenicity and lethal toxicity (6). K-antigens and the enterobacterial common antigen lack all of these latter activities. 

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