Black Americans

ASTM Standards on Carbon Black, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pa., 1991. 

Deveney, John Patrick. Paschal Beverly Randolph a nineteenth-century Black American spiritualist, rosicrucian, and sex magician / John Patrick Deveney with a foreword by Franklin Rosemont. SUNY series in Western esoteric traditions. Albany State Univ of New York P, 1997. 

Deveney, John P. 1997. Paschal Beverly Randolph A Nineteenth-Century Black American Spiritualist, Rosicrucian, and Sex Magician. Albany SUNY Press. 

Only nine years after its discovery in plasma as an antigenic trait, a relationship was suggested between lipoprotein(a) and coronary heart disease (CHD) (B6, D2). Moreover, an interesting relationship between longevity and Lp(a) concentrations was reported by Berg (B10) The frequency of higher Lp(a) levels in very old persons (>83 years) was lower than in the reference population. The same observation was made by Knapp (K18) in black American men. This... 

John P. Kaminski, A Necessary Evil Slavery and the Debate over the Constitution (Madison Madison House, 1995), p. 218 Winthrop Jordan, White over Black American Attitudes Toward the Negro, 1550-1812 (Chapel Hill University of North Carolina Press, 1968), pp. 542-569. 

Quoted in Kathleen Neils Conzen, German-Americans and the Invention of Ethnicity, in Frank Trommler and Joseph McVeigh, eds., America and the Germans An Assessment of a Three Hundred Year History (Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985), vol. I, p. 136. On nonwhite responses to American empire, see Willard Gatewood, Black Americans and the White Man s Burden, 1898-1903 (Urbana University of Illinois Press, 1975) Amy Kaplan, Black and Blue on San Juan Hill, in Amy Kaplan and Donald Pease, eds., The Cultures of US Imperialism (Durham Duke University Press, 1993), pp. 219-236. 

Year Total Black American Indian Asian Hispanic White Unknown ... 

Freeman, R. B. (1976). Black elite The new market for highly educated Black Americans. New York McGraw-Hill. 

Pearson, W., Jr., Pearson, L. C. (1985). The baccalaureate origins of black American scientists A cohort analysis. Journal of Negro Education, 54, 24-34. 

Pinkney, A. (2000). Black Americans (5th ed.). Upper Saddler River, NJ Prentice-Hall. 

The racially disproportionate nature of the war on drugs is not just devastating to black Americans. It contradicts faith in the principles of justice and equal protection of the laws that should be the bedrock of any constitutional democracy it exposes and deepens the racial fault lines that continue to weaken the country and belies its promise as a land of equal opportunity and it undermines faith among all races in the fairness and efficacy of the criminal justice system. Urgent action is needed, at both the state and federal level, to address this crisis for the American nation. ... 

Siaff Rubber, Natural and Synthetic-General Test Methods, Carbon Black. American... 

It is not clear why many women remain normotensive while others have a rise in blood pressure. No confirmation has been obtained of early beliefs that hypertension during oral contraception was more likely to occur in black American women, or in women with a history of hypertension during pregnancy (58,136). However, there is clinical evidence that this can occur and that the women involved... 

Eslami P, TuckM. The role of the sympathetic nervous system in linking obesity with hypertension in white versus black Americans. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2003 5 269-272. 

Marinac JS, Balian JD, Foxworth JW, et al. Determination of CYP2C19 in phenotype in black Americans with omeprazole correlation with genotype. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996 60 138-144. 

Malone KE, Daling JR, Doody DR, Hsu L, Bernstein L, Coates RJ, et al. Prevalence and predictors of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in a population-based study of breast cancer in white and black american women ages 35 to 64 years. Cancer Res 2006 66(16) 8297-8308. 

Hie Army engaged in covert "field operations overseas. A notorious example is the torture of James Thomwell, a black American soldier in France, who was suspected of having stolen classified documents in 1961. We will probably never know the full story on at least nine others, referred to as "foreign nationals, who were subjected to the Army s LSD interrogation project, "Operation THIRD CHANCE. ... 

Gaedigk A, Bradford LD, Marcucci KA, Leeder JS (2002) Unique CYP2D6 activity distribution and genotype-phenotype discordance in black Americans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 72 76-89... 

Black Americans are at increased risk of angioedema (91), with an overall rate of 1.6 per 1000 person years of ACE inhibitor use. 

Brown NJ, Ray WA, Snowden M, Griffin MR. Black Americans have an increased rate of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-associated angioedema. Chn Pharmacol Ther 1996 60(1) 8-13. 

Neighbors HW The distribution of psychiatric morbidity in black Americans a review and suggestion for research. Community Ment Health J 20 169-181,1984... 

Strickland TL, Ranganath V, Lin K-M, et al Psychopharmacologic considerations in the treatment of black American populations. Psycho-pharmacol Bull 27 441-448,1991... 

Beverly L. Black / American Society of Health-Sy.stem Pharmacists, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A. James L. Blackburn / University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada Deborah E. Boatwright / Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Joaquin Bonal de Falgas / Pharmaceutical Care Spain Foundation, Barcelona, Spain Christine M. Bond / University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, U.K. 

Grime, E. Ethnobotany of the Black Americans. Algonac, MI Reference Publishing, 1979. 

Genetic make-up is certainly a factor that predisposes an individual to cancer - a familial pattern of breast cancer is, for example, well-established. However, an additive and even predominant environmental effect is clearly evident when one studies migrant populations. In Japan, the incidence of stomach cancer is high, probably due to a high consumption of salted fish and pickled foods but the incidence of prostate cancer is low, perhaps because this has an association with the consumption of large amounts of red meat. However, in migrant Japanese communities in the USA, the incidence of these two cancers more closely mirrors that of the native US population, suggesting that the adopted US diet has affected their predisposition to the two cancers. In addition, black Americans have similar incidences of the main cancers to white Americans, but these differ markedly from those seen in black Africans. 

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