Lignocellulosics biotechnological production

Biotechnological Production of Xylitol from Lignocellulosic Materials... 

In the last decade, increasing efforts have been dedicated worldwide to realizing the implementation of biorefinery plants for the eonversion of lignocellulosic and cellulosic waste to starting materials for the biotechnological production of bioethanol, biopolymers and a range of fine chemicals. Whereas the material recovery from the lignin fraction is limited to the production of adhesives, sulphur-free fuels and some aromatics, cellulose and hemicellulose provide a rich source of... 

Harmsen, R, Lips, S., Bakker, R. Pretreatment of Lignocellulose for Biotechnological Production of Lactic Acid. Food and Biobased Research Institute Wageningen, 2013. 

Zaldivar, J., Nielsen, J., Olsson, L. (2001). Fuel ethanol production from lignocellulose a challenge for metabolic engineering and process integration. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology , 56(1-2), 17-34. 

Biotechnology could also provide crop varieties better suited to nonfood raw material production. For example, ethanol yield during fermentation of woody biomass is affected by lignin content. Use of GM tree varieties with low lignin contents could increase lignocellulosic ethanol yield by 20% [17]. A further potential benefit of GM technology is the ability to produce large quantities of enzymes for industrial purposes. Development of modified maize plants that express... 

For biotechnological purposes, the production of lactic acid from different waste streams in a first fermentation process by lactobadUi appears very reasonable. This is due to the fact that, caused by the low-pH conditions, lactic acid can easily be stored without major conservation requirements. Hence, this compound features an excellent stable intermediate for a versatile range of follow-up products. In contrast to the transportation of lignocellulosic waste or whey, the transportation of lactic add in a concentrated form to production facilities where it will be converted might be economically reasonable in many cases. Whereas the production of lactic acid itself is dependent on the seasonal availability of the waste materials, production facilities for the subsequent conversion of lactic acid to final products such as PHAs can be supplied from lactic acid stocks independent of the season. 

Stryer, L. Biochemistry W.H. Freeman and Company San Francisco, 1981. Wyman, CJE. Goodman, B.J. Near Term Application of Biotechnology to Fuel Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass NIST GCR 93-63 U.S. Department of Commerce Washington, D.C., 1993. 

Andric P, Anne S, Meyer A S, Jensen P A, Johansen K D, (2010b), Reactor design for minimizing product inhibition during enzymatic lignocellulose hydrolysis II. Quantification of inhibition and suitabiUty of membrane reactors . Biotechnology Advances, 28,407 25. 

Samsuri, M., M. Gozan, B. Prasetya, and M. Nasikin. 2009. Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Bagasse for Bioethanol Production. Journal of Biotechnology Reseaech in Tropical Region 2 (2) l-5. 

Parawira, W. and Tekere, M. (2011) Biotechnological strategies to overcome inhibitors in lignocellulose hydrolysates for ethanol production review. CrU. Rev. Biotechnol, 31 (1), 20-31. 

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