Lignins natural organic matter

Figure 9.5, the values obtained in this way vary not only with the extent of natural organic matter coating but also with the character of the OM. This corresponds also to increased adsorption with increased aromaticity of OM. Since the aromaticity of terrestrial-derived (i.e. soil) OM is likely to be high due in part to a preponderance of lignin residues, then soils can be expected to have a high affinity for pyrethroids (Zhou et al., 1994). 

Due to variations in the soil, such as humic constituents, sand fractions, clay minerals, peat minerals, wood rests, algal toxins, and deposits of shell lime, different reactions take place. The natural organic matter (NOM) in an aquifer is a complex mixture of substances, such as humic acids, fulvic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, lignin, and waxes. 

Moran, M.A., Wicks, R.J., and Hodson, R.E. (1991) Export of dissolved organic matter from a mangrove swamp ecosystem evidence from natural fluorescence, dissolved lignin phenols, and bacterial secondary production. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 76, 175-184. 

One of the prime environmental objectives is the removal of suspended contaminants from water and waste streams. Water turbidity in nature is the result of colloidal clay dispersion and the color is from decayed wood and leaves (tannins and lignins) and organic soil matter. In addition to these contaminants, there are viruses, algae, bacteria, metal oxides, oils and other pollutants. In recent years, synthetic organic polyelectrolyes, in particular the cationic polymers, have been used very effectively in water treatment (3). These polyelectrolytes are high... 

It was pointed out above that about a third of the organic matter of soils consists of nitrogenous substances (if the nitrogen is calctflated as protein) and that 5—20% may be carbohydrate. Fats and waxes may be present to the extent of 2—4%. The remaining 40—60% is made up of complexes, sometimes described as lignin-like. The nature of these is still uncertain and under very active investigation. 

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