Light-duty diesel

Martin, B. and P.-H. Bigeard (1992), Hydrotreatment of diesel fuels -its impact on light- duty diesel engine pollutants . SAE paper No. 92-2268, International fuels and lubricants meeting, San Francisco, CA. 

Jacobs, T. J., Bohac, S. V, Assanis, D. N., and Szymkowicz, Lean and Rich Premixed Compression Ignition Combustion in a Light-Duty Diesel Engine, SAE, 2005-01-0166, 2005. 

Hammerle, R., D. Schuetzle, and W. Adams, A Perspective on the Potential Development of Environmentally Acceptable Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles, Environ. Health Perspect., 102, 25-30 (1994). 

As a result of the type approval legislation manufacturers have been required to develop increasingly effective emission-control technologies, and these were described earlier in this chapter. Table 3 provides an overview of the different devices which are typically required for light-duty diesel vehicles in each Euro category. In modem vehicles various elements are used in combination, and these have different effects on the properties and composition of the exhaust gas. 

Vojtisek-Lom M, Fenkl M, Dufek M, Mares J (2009) Off-cycle, real-world emissions of modem light duty diesel vehicles. SAE International. Technical Papers 2009-24-0148... 

Campbell Kl, George EL, Washington IS Jr. 1980. Enhanced susceptibility to infection in mice after exposure to dilute exhaust from light duty diesel engines. Office of Research and Development,... 

Carraro, E., Locatelli, A. L., Ferrero, C., Fea, E., and Gilli, G. 1997. Biological Activity of Particle Exhaust Emissions from Light-Duty Diesel Engines. J. Environ. Pathol., Toxicol. Oncol, 16,101-109. 

B. Filter Durability for 6.2-Liter Light-Duty Diesel Engine... 

Figure 18 Burner bypass system for 6.2-liter light-duty diesel engine. (Courtesy of the Society of Automotive Engineers.)...

Motor vehicles are responsible for much of the ground level ozone. They produce half of the nitrogen oxides in the air. Heavy-duty diesel engines account for a quarter of this.43 There are about 5 million heavy-duty diesel engines and 2 million light-duty diesel engines on roads in the United States. Short (50 nanosecond) electrical bursts can eliminate not only the nitrogen oxides, but also the soot in the diesel exhaust. In addition, motor vehicles emit unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. The cost of air pollution caused by cars and trucks in the United States has been estimated at 30- 200 billion/yr.44... 

When adopting standards in March of 1985, EPA emphasized its optimism that the particulate standards would be achieveable in spite of the limited work done to date by heavy truck manufacturers. First, the Agency noted that "review of new information submitted on the subject of trap oxidizer feasibility indicates for light duty diesels, continued progress has been made in solving the various technical difficulties associated with traps. Daimler-Benz has already introduced traps on light duty vehicles in California, and Volkswagen and other manufacturers will do so in the... 

The Benefits and Costs of Light Duty Diesel Particulate Controls," Michael P. Walsh, SAE 830179... 

Impact of Light Duty Diesels On Visibility in California," Trijonis, March 1982... 

Trap-Oxidizer Technology For Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles Feasibility, Costs and Present Status," Weaver and Miller, Report to EPA by Energy and Resource Consultants, March 1983... 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Regulatory Analysis of the Light Duty Diesel Vehicles, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, February 20,1980... 

In 2009, the European Union introduced a particle number limit to its Euro 5/6 emission standard for light-duty diesel vehicles. This is the first particle number standard introduced anywhere in the world. Particle number concentrations will be measured according to the PMP procedure, and emission factors will be limited to 5 X 10 km . Motor vehicle emissions often contain large numbers of volatile and semivolatile nanoparticles that are produced after emission from the tailpipe. The formation mechanisms of these nanoparticles, their associated health effects and concentrations are topics that are not well-understood as a result, the issue of whether these nanoparticles should be included in particle number standards has been the subject of much controversy in the recent past. In order to avoid this... 

Bykowski,BiiB., Hare, C.T., and Baines, T.M. Effects of a narrow-cut no, 1 fuel, and variation in its properties, on light--duty diesel emissions 1981, Paper No 811193 presented at SAE Fuels Lubricants Meeting, Tulsa, Oklahoma pp. 37-64. 

Cuddihy, R,G., Griffith, W.C., Clark, C.R., and McClellan, R.O. Potential health and environmental effects of light duty diesel vehicles 1981, Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Inhalation toxicology Research Institute Report LMF 89, pp. 1-107. 

The methanol fractions ( 4) of two of the light-duty diesel particulate extracts were also analyzed by HRGC/MS and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in an attempt to tentatively... 

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