Light and ventilation

Internal combustion and electricity wrought a number of changes in naval architecture. Electric power was introduced on warships in the 1880s, allowing for the construction of larger ships, with better light and ventilation, deeper decks, improved artillery fire control, and improved efficiency in han-... 

Roof openings, including roof lights and ventilation, should be treated, from a security point of view, in the same way as openings, located elsewhere in the building fabric. 

The official duties and responsibilities of hospital stewards were set down by Joseph Janvier Woodward (1833-1884) in The Hospital Steward s Manual - Because the hospital steward had, under the direction of the surgeon, general supervision over aU aspects of the entire hospital,23 the manual covers not only his duties but those for whom he was responsible wardmasters, nurses, female nurses, cooks, and laundresses. Virtually everyone, except physicians, reported to the steward, who served as the hospital s chief administrator. On the instractions of the senior medical officer, aU issues of order and security, light and ventilation, quality and quantity of food, cleanliness and orderliness of the wards and grounds devolved to the steward. In accordance with the breadth of his responsibilities, he was to receive obedience from all non-commissioned officers, enlisted men, and citizen nurses in the hospital. 24 As part of the steward s regular duties, he was also supposed to make thorough inspections of the entire... 

Storage areas shall be of sufficient space and equipped with a place for cleaning outer package, and sampling rooms the lighting and ventilation facilities as well as their temperature and humidity shall be adapted to drug production requirements. The class of cleanliness of the sampling room shall be in accordance with the requirement for production and shall be equipped with facilities to prevent contamination and crosscontamination. 

Premises must be provided with appropriate lighting and ventilation and be maintained at a suitable temperature. 

Adequate lighting and ventilation should be provided in all areas and equipment for controlling dust, humidity,... 

The premises shall be suitably lighted and ventilated, if necessary air-conditioned (temperature and humidity) and protected from external contaminants. 

In addition, the control room should remain habitable during all AOEs and DBAs for the duration of the events. Thus, the control room, lighting and ventilation system should have backup emergency power to ensure habitability for the duration of postulated accidents. The control rooms should also have adequate shielding to ensure that no operator is exposed to more than the Radiological Control Manual limits for the duration of the accident. 

The installations on each floor of the process plant shall have more than one escape staircase if the nearest one to the accident spot cannot be used due to smoke or gas leak. It should be possible to rescue the personnel entrapped in the affected area through the alternative escape route which shall have good lighting and ventilation. 

Lighting and ventilation Use proper lighting in order to see your work clearly and reduce glare and eye strain. Use proper ventilation in order to carry away flying debris, fumes, vapors, and dust. 

The duty regarding maintenance is currently limited to structural matters, but it is important that designers also consider safety during routine maintenance that is affected by their designs - e.g. how are high-level lights and ventilation systems to be maintained ... 

Control of temperature, lighting and ventilation > Appropriate controls for dust, fumes, vapours, radiation, chemical and biological hazards > Safe access and egress > Provision of adequate welfare facilities > Noise and vibration > Variations ... 

E Electricity. Few businesses could survive without electricity. It supplies heating, lighting and ventilation, and it provides power for machinery. It is an essential element in the communications network, but it kills. One in three electrical injuries results in death, but trained and competent personnel, and proper maintenance plus the correct selection and use of equipment, can tame the deadly potential to within acceptable limits. 

Sufficient power supply capacity to any necessary upgrade of lighting and ventilation. 

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