Life quality

There are other benefits associated with urban trees. These include improvement in life quality increased property values and decreased rain run-off and hence flood protection. Trees also directly sequester atmospheric COj, but the direct sequestration of CO, is less than one-fourth of the emission reduction from savings in cooling-energy use. 

The most commonly used measure of utility in the health economics literature is the quality-adjusted life year (QALY), which weights longevity by life quality. The most commonly used preference-weighted measure of health-related quality of life in the UK is the EuroQol or EQ-5D (EuroQpl Group, 1990), but there are various other such measures. Utility scores can now be obtained from the 36-item Short Form (SF-36) quality-of-life scale, for example. Also in use are healthy-year equivalents (Mehrez and Gafni, 1989) and disability-adjusted life years (WHO, 2000), although both these measures are different in aim and construction from the QALY and are used less often in evaluations. 

In a similar study, Petrie et al. (1982) studied the effectiveness of halo-peridol and loxapine in the same type of patients. The conclusion was that, although the improvement of the psychotic symptomatology was evident, the global improvement of life quality was not that evident. The authors suggested that the medication response in elderly patients with dementia and psychotic symptoms was much inferior to the one observed in young patients with schizophrenia. R. Barnes et al. (1982) carried out a similarly designed study and found an improvement in only one-third of the treated patients. However, that sample was oriented not only to psychotic symptoms (delusions and hallucinations) but also to disruptive behaviors in general. 

As mentioned above, animal experiments are a generally accepted method to assess drug safety, irrespective of the burden for the experimental animals. Criticism is mainly directed at developing substances and products which merely serve to improve the life quality of (healthy) man, for instance cosmetics. 

Chemistry has made an impact on almost every aspect of daily life from toothpaste to life-saving medicines. The essential feature of this central science is synthesis. Despite the great success and the importance of chemistry to life quality, its public image has deteriorated and in the twenty-first century, we can expect the drive toward cleaner technologies. 

Stability upon storage or shelf life Quality of product... 

Repeat treatment After a repeat treatment had been decided on, increased dosage and prolonged duration of IFNa (237) or consensus IFN (160) were used. Other possible combinations were applied, such as IFNa + thymosin (236), IFNa + cyclosporin (223, 228), IFNa + UDCA (230) or IFNa + amantadine (250). In all these studies, positive results and an improvement in quality of life quality were described for some patients. Even iron removal can be used as an additional measure. (217, 243) Likewise, good results in some patients have also been achieved with immunostimulants or adjuvant sub-... 

Kind P. The EuroQol instrument an index of health-related quality of life. Quality of Life and Pharma-coeconomics in Clinical Trials. Philadelphia Lippincott-Raven, 1996 191-201. 

Because quality of life represents the broadest range of human experiences, use of this general term in the health field has led to considerable confusion, particularly because of the overlap with the more specific concept, health status. To make the meaning more specific and retain the important aspects of life quality, the terra health-related quality of life is both useful and important. 

The CUA is a form of cost-effectiveness analysis in which the health outcomes are measured in terms of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained. The QALY is a measure that associates quantity of life (for example survival data and life expectancy) with quality of life, by amalgamating them into a single index. One QALY is equal to a year of full life quality. Because of its universal denominator which allows comparisons across divergent areas, CUA is a tool that can (in theory) be used by policy makers... 

Home life Quality of Well-Being Scale (QWB) ... 

When barbarism, or individualism, becomes the norm, your descendents will crew space ships and build cities out there. Only those who realize that life quality is all important and unproductive existence is a threat to the species will be considered fit to make decisions in the future. 

Castillo, J. Gaspar, S. Leth, S. Niculescu, M. Mortari, A. Bontidean, I. Soukharev, V. Dorneanu, S. A. Ryabov, A. D. Gsoregi, E. Biosensors for life quality - design, development and applications. Sensor Actuator B-Chem. 2004, 102, 179-194. 

Considering women s needs contributes to a sustainable urban society and improves urban life quality (Parfect and Power 1997), particularly as women form half of the community. The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development that was held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 affirmed women s critical contributions to envirorunental management. Agenda 21, the UNCED action plan for sustainable development, proposed actions to strengthen the role of women in sustainable development by eliminating obstacles to their equal participation, particularly in decision-making (Corral 2002). 

Castillo, J., S. Caspar, S. Leth, M. Niculescu, A. Mortari, I. Bontidean,V. Soukharev, S.A. Dorneanu, A.D. Ryabov, and E. Csoregi. 2004. Biosensors for life quality Design, development and applications. Sens Actuators B 102 179. 

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