Leaks onto water

LEAKS ONTO WATER, WET GROUND, OR INSULATION 7.3.1 Leaks Onto Water or Wet Ground... 

Section 1.4.4 describes two leaks onto pools of water that spread much farther than anyone expected. One was ignited by a welder 20 m away, and the other spillage, onto a canal, caught fire 1 km away. 

In case of fire involving fluorine, shut off the flow of gas if possible. Allow the fire to bum. Use water from an explosion-resistant location to keep the fire-exposed confainers cool. Do not direct water onto fluorine leaks, as water reacts violently with fluorine. 

The spent fuel ponds were located high up end were leaking contaminated water onto the recovery teams... 

Chemical plants are constructed on large slabs of concrete that typically cover dozens of acres. During normal operation oil and other liquids leak onto the concrete and accumulate in various ditches. When it rains, the water washes the oil off the concrete. The runoff from the plant is therefore polluted and cannot be released to a river or lake. 

Rust-colored deposits of iron oxides have been observed on the soil surface where leachate from sanitary landfills leaks onto the surface. Given that iron oxides are not at all water-soluble and that the iron in the leachate is carried in a soluble form, suggest a pathway by which these deposits may be formed. Some review of water chemistry may be required to answer this question. 

An unusual—and unnecessary—dead-end was a length of 2-in. pipe welded onto a process line to provide a support for an instrument (Figure 9-2). Water collected in the support. Four years after it had been installed, the process line corroded through, and a leak of liquefied gas occuired. 

A glass distillation column cracked, and water was sprayed onto the crack. A spark was seen to Jump from the metal cladding on the insulation. which was not grounded, to the end of the water line. Although no ignition occurred in this case, the incident shows the need to ground all metal objects and equipment. They may act as collectors for charges from steam leaks or steam or water Jets. 

Petroleum hydrocarbons may enter the enviromnent through accidents, from industrial releases, or as by-products from commercial or private uses such as direct release into water through spills or leaks. When release into water occurs, some of the hydrocarbons float on the water and form surface films, while others may sink and form bottom sediments. Bacteria and microorganisms in the water have the potential to break down some of the hydrocarbons over varying periods of time that are dependent on the ambient conditions. On the other hand, hydrocarbons that are spilled onto the soil may remain for a long time. 

In most tests, molten aluminum was poured into a vessel containing water. In a few instances, however, water was injected onto or below a pool of aluminum. The first type of experiment would model one of the more familiar types of industrial accidents, i.e., one in which an ingot break or a furnace leak allowed molten aluminum to contact a source of... 

Modern condensers have plastic adapters, which can be attached to the tubing and then screwed on the threaded inlet and outlet pipes. Slide the rubber tubing onto the moistened pipe on the adapter, and then screw the adapter onto the condenser. You must ensure that the adapter has a rubber gasket on the inside of the threaded portion (Fig. 16.3), otherwise it will leak water at the condenser inlet or outlet. 

Leaking phosgene gas can be destroyed by spraying the contaminated zone with large volumes of water. Although the reaction is slow, the excess of water helps to suppress dispersion [1318]. Water should not be sprayed directly onto phosgene cylinders, however, since this may increase the size of the leak as a result of the formation of corrosive HCI [1318,1486]. 

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