Lead acetate dyes

Metallic Dyes. MetaUic dyes are among the older hair color materials known. Commercial products are based on a 1% solution of lead acetate in an aqueous, slightly acidic, alcohoHc medium. Precipitated sulfur appears to be essential. The convenience aspect is stressed by the leave-in appHcation method. Actually, the color development is so slow, taking about a week to ten days, that there is no alternative to this technique. Daily appHcation is needed at first. 

Although lead acetate [301-04-2] is the only metallic dye used ia the early 1990s, salts or silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, bismuth, and iron have been utilized ia the past. A patent (39) refers to the use of bismuth citrate ia a solution made alkaline with triisopropan ol amine. 

Cellulose acetate Silica gel Scoured wool Sawdust Rayon waste Fluorspar Tapioca Breakfast food Asbestos fiber Cotton linters Rayon staple Starch Aluminum hydrate Kaolin Cryolite Lead arsenate Cornstarch Cellulose acetate Dye intermediates Calcium carbonate White lead Lithopone Titanium dioxide Magnesium carbonate Aluminum stearate Zinc stearate Lithopone Zinc yellow Calcium carbonate Magnesium carbonate Soap flakes Soda ash Cornstarch Synthetic rubber... 

In the home, you or your children may be exposed to lead if you take some types of home remedy medicines that contain lead compounds. Lead compounds are in some non-Westem cosmetics, such as surma and kohl. Some types of hair colorants and dyes contain lead acetate. Read the labels on hair coloring products, use them with caution, and keep them away from children. 

Some types of paints and pigments that are used as facial make-up or hair coloring contain lead. Cosmetics that contain lead include surma and kohl, which are popular in certain Asian countries. Read the labels on hair coloring products, and keep hair dyes that contain lead acetate away from children. Do not allow children to touch hair that has been colored with lead-containing dyes or any surfaces that have come into contact with these dyes because lead compounds can rub off onto their hands and be transferred to their mouths. 

Lead continues to be used in pigments. For example, lead chromate and lead oxide are used in paints, and lead acetate is used in hair dyes. 

PbS holds the honor of being the first reported compound to be deposited by CD. In 1869, Puscher described a new and cheap process, without using dyes, to coat various metals with splendid Instrons colors [1], This involved deposition from a thiosulphate solution of lead acetate (and also, in the same paper, from Cu and Sb salts to give presumably corresponding sulphides). These shiny, colored coatings prompted further studies in this process, both to expand the process to other metal snlphides and to nnderstand the process. These studies are discussed in Section 5.2.1. 

Some progressive hair dyes marketed to men, such as Grecian Formula 16, contain lead acetate, Pb(CH3CC>2)2. As the dye solution is rubbed on the hair, the Pb2+ ions react with the sulfur atoms in hair proteins to give lead(II) sulfide (PbS), which is black. A typical dye solution contains 0.3 mass % Pb(CH3C02)2, and about 2 mL of dye solution is used per application. 

Metals Lead and Mercury These are brain and nervous system toxins, hormone disrupters, and carcinogens to be avoided when trying to get pregnant, when pregnant, and beyond. Lead can be found as lead acetate in makeup and hair dye and be absorbed into the skin. Mercury is sometimes allowed (in very small doses) as a preservative. 

Melanin compounds may appear brown, black, or red. The type of melanin determines hair color, and the density of melanin granules determines the shade. Dark shades of dyed hair contain higher concentrations of dyes. Most hair colors are combinations of organic compounds chosen to produce particular shades. Resorcinol produces a yellow color aminohydroxy-toluene produces a redder hair, and nitrophenylenediamine dye results in very red hair. Graded dyes favored by men often contain lead acetate. The lead ions penetrate into hair and form lead sulfide (PbS), a dark-colored compound. 

Mineral dyes. Of the mineral dyes, only lead acetate is commercially available. In the United States, the FDA permits maximal concentrations of 0.6... 

Marzulli, F. N. Watlington, P. M. and Maibach, H. I. (1978). Exploratory Skin Penetration Findings Relating to the Use of Lead Acetate in Hair Dyes. Current Problems in Dermatology 7 196-204. 

Permanent hair colors contain an oxidizer (usually 6% hydrogen peroxide) and a dye intermediate (p-phenylenediamine, resorcinol, aminophenols along with water, ammonia, glycerin, isopropanol, and propylene glycol). Semipermanent hair colors contain propylene glycol, isopropanol, fatty acids, fragrance, alkanolamines, and dyes. Some Grecian hair formulations contain lead in the form of lead acetate. 

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