Lasers chip laser

Ultraviolet coatings for excimer lasers. These lasers are likely to play a large role in lithography of very high density computer chips,... 

HPLC with microchip electrophoresis. Capillary RPLC was used as the first dimension, and chip CE as the second dimension to perform fast sample transfers and separations. A valve-free gating interface was devised simply by inserting the outlet end of LC column into the cross-channel on a specially designed chip. Laser-induced fluorescence was used for detecting the FITC-labeled peptides of a BSA digest. The capillary HPLC effluents were continuously delivered every 20 s to the chip for CE separation. 

In order to provide access holes on fused quartz cover chips, laser drilling [151,152,828,1006] or ultrasonic drilling [349,1041] have been used. In order to remove particulates caused by drilling, the drilled quartz plate was rinsed in 0.5% HF for 5-10 min in an ultrasonic bath [153,658]. However, in some cases no drilling was performed, with the end of the channel protruding out of the coverslip [148],... 

Figure 6 The SELDI technology. This type of proteomic analytical tool is a class of mass spectroscopy instrument that is useful in high-throughput proteomic fingerprinting of serum. Using a robotic sample dispenser, 1 p,L of serum is applied to the surface of a protein-binding chip. A subset of the proteins in the sample binds to the surface of the chip. The bound proteins are treated with a matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization matrix and are washed and dried. The chip, which contains multiple patient samples, is inserted into a vacuum chamber where it is irradiated with a laser. The laser desorbs the adherent proteins and causes them to be launched as ions. The TOF of the ion before detection by an electrode is a measure of the mass-to-charge (m/z) value of the ion. The ion spectra can be analyzed by computer-assisted tools that classify a subset of the spectra by characteristic patterns of relative intensity (adapted from www.evmsdoctors.com).

Fig. 4 Examples of portable microfluidic instruments, (a) The system integrates fluidics, microseparation chips, lasers, optics, high-voltage power supplies, electronic controls, data algorithms, and a user interface into a hand-portable instrument (Reprinted from [55] with permission of The American Chemistry Society), (b) A miniature LED-induced fluorescence microdevice (Reprinted from [56] with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry), (c) Hand-held isotachophoresis instrument (dimensions 7.6 x 5.7 x 3.8 cm) (Reprinted from [57] with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry)...

At least two issues should be improved to fulfill the promise of optofluidic dye lasers as on-chip coherent light sotrrces. Firstly, new strategies should be developed to widen the laser wavelength range and to reduce the tuning time. Secondly, the optical pump source should be integrated onto the same laser chip, which should demonstrate the lowest laser threshold. 

The chip laser is actually a miniaturised version of the Nd-YAG laser. It contains a diode laser pump, an active laser medium, a saturable absorber, and a frequency multiplier in a solid block. Chip lasers are an inexpensive and reliable source of UV radiation. Unfortunately they cannot be made with repetition rates higher than a few tens of kHz. The pulse width is of the order of 1 ns. Chip lasers are sometimes used in TCSPC systems for environmental research, e.g. to trace contamination of water by polycyclic hydrocarbons. 

Laser facet power = /[laser chip slope, epitaxial grating, metal doping composition. .. Laser placement = /[laser chip size, bond temperature, piece part quality. .. ... 

Optical Fiber Package foot print dimensions per drawing C1432 Laser chip dimension of 20 by 25 mils Lens diameter (775 to 825 pm) and spherical shape Lens holder size must be 10-12 mm... 

Laser chip facet coating reflectivity should be between 80—8... 

Figure 15.15 All-polymer encapsulated organic microscope image of a laser (inset). (Reprinted semiconductor laser chips. (a1)-(a3) Scheme with permission from Ref [69]. Copyright 2010, ofthe main fabrication steps, including thermal Optical Society of America.) nanoimprint, (b) Photograph of two chips and a...

Kristensen, A., Lemmer, U., and Mappes, T. (2010) All-polymer organic semiconductor laser chips parallel fabrication and encapsulation. Opt. 

The first semiconductor laser devices were made from chips of gallium arsenide (see Fig. 1). The gallium arsenide was grown such that a p-n junction, or diode, was formed inside the crystal. The chip had a metallic base with a wire contact attached to the top to allow the injection of the electrical current. Smooth end faces were formed on the diode, which acted as mirrors to provide the optical feedback necessary to attain laser oscillation, while the sidewalls of the laser chip were roughened to prevent laser oscillation in the direction perpendicular to... 

Figure 4.17 Schematic of diode laser chip (enlarged inset), mounted in a standard TO protective housing important elements are marked. The injection current J is applied via connector pins control of the temperature T is realized by cooling or heating of the device can...

Special laser chip structures can be designed in which a kind of diffraction grating is incorporated into the laser structure itself. These lasers are called distributed-feedback (DFB) lasers. DFB laser diodes... 

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