Landfill emissions

In relation to PVC additives, the study concluded that heavy metal additives are more likely to be released under acidogenic conditions (compared with plasticizers, for example, which are released mainly during the anaerobic and methanogenic phases of landfill development). With respect to landfill emissions, it was concluded that organotin compormds carmot be directly attributed to the presence of PVC in landfills. 

Worldwide, most waste is landfilled. Emissions from landfill occur via evaporation and leaching. Landfill sites can be managed to reduce those emissions, but in many cases they are not. Data on leaching and evaporation of additives from landfill sites are scarce. 

Koliopoulos, T.C. and Koliopoulou, G. 2007e. Evaluation of optimum landfill design Mid Auchencarroch experimental landfill emissions. In Wessex Institute of Technology Transactions on Computer Aided Optimum Design in Engineering (OPTI), Hernandez, S. and Brebbia, C.A. (eds.), pp. 231-39. Southampton, UK W.I.T. Press. 

Use numerical modeling software of produced landfill emissions for monitoring and quality management of landfill sites... 

Project management of landfill emissions monitoring works (e.g., biogas production, leachates, and settlements) and register online chemical indexes... 

Koliopoulos, T.C. and Koliopoulou, G. 2006. Controlling landfill emissions for environmental protection Mid Auchencarroch experimental project. Asian Journal of Experimental Science, 20(2) 233 2. 

For vapours present in the landfill emissions in the range of 0.1 to 400 mg/m3, the preferred method is adsorption on to Texax-GC. Usually 25 ml sample is sufficient and this is adsorbed on the first part of the adsorption material. To ensure that no material is lost in transit to the laboratory, the Tenax-GC should be securely sealed with swagelok caps. The tubes should be cooled before removing the caps prior to GC analysis after heat... 

In the history of the barrier development (Ryser 1989), initially only the site location was considered in the next phase, landfdl liners were added as surface covers and base liners to facilitate leachate collection (during the 1970s). Since the early 1980s, attempts have been made to control reactions inside the landfdl, for example by waste compaction and gas collection. In the early the 1990s, it became evident that in order to effectively minimize landfill emissions, the prior separation of contaminants was necessary. The culmination of this development will be reached, when the inert- and residual landfill will become the norm. 

When wastes are to be disposed of in landfills, a variety of parameters are ascertained by analysis of the original substance and analysis of the aqueous eluate. Other studies are related to landfill emissions such as leachate. 

Incineration versus landfill Emissions of greenhouse gases (RCEP, 1993)... 

Before assessing the potential for landfill to be a sustainable waste management option, the following chapters will consider the pollution potential of landfill, and the associated risk, through examination of tte nature of landfill emissions, the means by which those emissions may reach sensitive receptors and the means for controlling these processes. 

Scientists agree that energy production, energy distribution, and livestock contribute most to methane emissions, followed by landfill emissions and biomass burning. Thus, even though the concentration of methane in our atmosphere is far less than that of carbon dioxide, its role in global warming cannot be totally discounted, because methane is an efficient absorber of IR radiation. However, the major focus is on carbon dioxide due to the enormous quantities of this gas released into the atmosphere by our carbon-based economy. 

The advantages of energy recovery include cheap fuel plus decreased landfill emissions of methane, non-methane organic carbon compounds (NMOCs), and toxics (e.g., benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform). Although carbon dioxide emissions increase with the energy recovery option, the net atmospheric balance is a positive one... 

Landfill emissions Have emissions from biodegradation in landfills been taken into account (especially methane which orginates from inaerobic processes in landfills) How high are the emissions ... 

Christensen, T.H. Kjeldsen, P. 1995. Landfill emissions and environmental impact An introduction. In Christensen, T.H., Cossu, R. Stegmann, R., (eds.) SARDINIA 95, Fifth International Landfill Symposium, Proceedings, Volume 3, CISA, Caghari, Italy. 

---