Land disposal restrictions storage

EPA. 1994. Land disposal restrictions. Prohibitions on storage. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Eederal Regulations. 40 CER 268.50. 

Given land disposal restrictions, trends against incineration, and restrictions on storage of hazardous wastes, alternative treatment methods such as electrokinetics are increasingly given consideration for the treatment of hazardous waste site... 

RCRA also includes the management of nonhazardous wastes, special wastes, industrial wastes, and universal wastes. In 1984, the federal Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) focused attention on waste minimization, land disposal restrictions, corrective actions for releases, and risks to the environment from underground storage tanks. 

This series of prohibitions restricts how wastes subject to LDR requirements are handled. The most visible aspect of the LDR program is the disposal prohibition, which includes treatment standards, variances, alternative treatment standards (ATSs), and notification requirements. Land disposal means placement in or on the land, except in a corrective action unit, and includes, but is not limited to, placement in a landfill, surface impoundment, waste pile, injection well, land treatment facility, salt dome formation, salt bed formation, underground mine or cave, or placement in a concrete vault, or bunker intended for disposal purposes. The other two components work in tandem with the disposal prohibition to guide the regulated community in proper hazardous waste management. The dilution prohibition ensures that wastes are properly treated, and the storage prohibition ensures that waste will not be stored indefinitely to avoid treatment. 

Wastes defined as hazardous under RCRA include characteristic and listed wastes. An RCRA-defined hazardous waste is a waste that appears on one of four lists (F list, K list, U list, or P list) or exhibits at least one of four characteristics (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity). Criteria for identifying characteristic hazardous wastes are included in Title 40, CFR part 261, subpart C. Listed wastes from industrial sources are itemized in 40 CFR part 261, subpart D. Other regulations that are relevant to the technology include the requirement to characterize the waste for a hazardous waste generator (40 CFR part 262.11), the requirement to determine if the hazardous waste is restricted from land disposal [40 CFR 268.7(a)], requirements for on-site storage of waste for up to 90 days [40 CFR 262.34(a)], or 40 CFR 264.553 for storage of waste in a temporary unit for up to 1 year prior to disposal. 

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