Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

Pessi, T., Isolauri, E., Siitas, Y., Kankaanranta, H., Moilanen, E., and Hurme, M. 2001. Suppression of T-cell activation by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG-degraded bovine casein. Int Immunopharmacol 1 211-218. 

Ananta, E. and Knorr, D. Evidence on the role of protein biosynthesis in the induction of heat tolerance of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG by pressure pre-treatment, Int.J. Food Microbiol, 96, 307, 2004. 

Gosselink, M.R, Schouten, W.R., van Lieshout, L.M., Hop, W.C., Laman, J.D., and Ruseler-van Embden, J.G. Delay of the first onset of pouchitis by oral intake of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Dis. Colon Rectum, 47,876,2004. 

Alander, M., Satokari, R., Korpela, R., Saxelin, M., Vilpponen-Sahnela, T., MattUa-Sandholm, T., and von Wright, A., Persistence of colonization of human colonic mucosa by a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, after oral consumption, pp/. Environ. Microbiol, 65, 351-354, 1999. 

Sunny-Roberts, E. O. Knorr, D., Cellular injuries on spray-dried Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and its stability during food storage. Nutrition and Food Science (2011) 41, 191-200. 

Ananta, E., Volkert, M., Knorr, D. (2005). Cellular injuries and storage stability of spray-dried Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. International Dairy Journal, 75(4), 399-409. 

Pehkonen, K., Roos, Y., Miao, S., Ross, R., Stanton, C. (2008). State transition and physicochemical aspects of cryoprotection and stabilization in freeze-drying of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). Journal of Applied Microbiology, 104,1732-1743. 

Rubio, R., Aymerich, T., Bover-Cid, S., Guhrdia, M. D., Arnau, J., Garriga, M. (2013). Probiotic strains Lactobacillus plantarum 299V and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG as starter cultures for fermented sausages. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 54, 51-56. 

Genome analyses of various Gram-positive bacteria revealed the presence of pilus gene clusters containing sortases in pathogens such as Clostridium perfringens, enterococci, many streptococcal species, Actinomyces taxon and, recently, also in Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG a human gut commensal and well-studied probiotic strain. ... 

On the other hand, pili were recently also identified in the genome sequences of human gut commensals such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. In Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, two sortase-dependent pili, SpaCBA and SpaEF, have been shown to be involved in bacterial attachment to human cells, and bacterial establishment within the human gut... 

R. 2013. Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Aloe vera gel improve lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats. Nutrition, 29(3), pp.574—579. 

Lipidomics was also used to determine the effects of probiotic intervention on global lipidomic profiles in humans [145], Decreased mass levels of lysoPC, SM, and several PC species were detected after exposure of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG bacteria for 3 weeks. These changes may be due to the metabolic events behind the beneficial effects ofL. rhamnosus GG on gut barrier function [146]. 

Kekkonen, R.A., Sysi-Aho, M., Seppanen-Laakso, T., Julkunen, L, Vapaatalo, H., Oresic, M. and Korpela, R. (2008) Effect of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG intervention on global serum lipidomic profiles in healthy adults. World J. Gastroenterol. 14, 3188-3194. 

Doherty, S.B., Auty, M.A., Stanton, C., Ross, R.P, Fitzgerald, G.F. and Brodkorb, A. (2012). Survival of entrapped Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in whey protein micro-beads during simulated ex vivo gastro-intestinal transit. International Dairy Journal, 22,31-43. 

Corcoran and collaborators (2007) studied the effects of various Cl 8 fatty acids with 0-2 bonds in the two configurations, cis and trans, on rate survival of a Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG strain, in the simulated acid conditions of gastric juice. The protective effects to the acidic environment was offered only by oleic and vaccenic acids [C18 1 (lit)] among elaidic, linoleic and stearic acids and two conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers (Corcoran et al., 2007 Kankaanpaa et al., 2014). On the other hand, oleic acid increased the survival rate of a Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain, in 90 minutes after exposure to simulated gastric juice (by 1500-fold) compare to the control. Moreover, when the culture media was supplemented with... 

Kankainen, M., Paulin, L., Tynkkynen, S., et al. (2009). Comparative genomic analysis of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reveals pili containing a human- mucus binding protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106,17193-17198. 

Lebeo", S., Qaes, 1., Tytgat, H.L., et al. (2012). Functional analysis of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG pili in relation to adhesion and immunomodulatory interactions with intestinal epithelial cells. Appl Environ Microbiol 78,185-193. 

Claes, Segers, M.E., Verhoeven, T.L.A., et al. (2012) lipoteichoic acid is an important microbe-associated molecular pattern of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Microb Cell Fact 11, 161. 

Lahti, L., Salonen, A., Kekkonen, R.A., et al. (2013) Associations between the human intestinal microbiota, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and serum lipids indicated by integrated analysis of high-throughput profiling data. Peer] 1, e32. 

Velez, M.P., Petrova, M.I., Lebeer, S., et al. (2010) Characterization of MabA, a modulator of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG adhesion and biofilm formation. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 59, 386-398. 

Yan, E, Liu, L., Dempsey, P.J., et al. (2013) A Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG-derived soluble protein, p40, stimulates ligand release from intestinal epithelial cells to transactivate epidermal growth factor receptor. J Biol Chem 288, 30742-30751. 

Einamore, A., RoseBi, M., Britti, M.S., et al. (2012). Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium animalis MB5 induce intestinal but not systemic antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness in ovalbumin-immunized rats. J Nutr 142, 375-381. 

Koskenniemi, K., Laakso, K., Koponen, J., Kankainen, M., Greco, D., Auvinen, P, Savijoki, K., Nyman, T.A., et al. (2011) Proteomics and transcriptomics characterization of bile stress response in probiouc Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Mol Cell Proteomics 10, M110.002741. 

Lebeer, S., De Keersmaecker, S.C., Verhoeven, T.L., et al. (2007) Functional analysis of luxS in the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reveals a central metabohcrole important for growth and biofilm formation. JLlacteriol 189,860-871. 

---