Laboratory rats selection

Golbs S, Fuchs V, Leipner E, et al. 1978b. [Studies into effects of pesticide combinations on laboratory rats. 2nd communication Studies into action on selected hematological parameters and blood glucose]. Arch Exp Vet Med Leipzig 32. (German)... 

In an attempt to improve the selectivity of local dopamine measurements in the complex extracellular matrix of brain fluid, an implantable enzyme-based dopamine microbiosensor has been constructed based on the immobilization of tyrosinase in a thin-film chitosan coating of carbon-fiber disc microelectrodes [357]. o-Dopaquinone, which is the product of the tyrosinase reaction with dopamine, was monitored via its reduction at the modified microelectrode surface. The application of these cathodic tyrosinase dopamine microbiosensors was reported for the continuous real-time in vivo visualization of electrically stimulated dopamine release in the brain of anesthetized laboratory rats. Remarkably, due to the cathodic potential the sensor response was not significantly disturbed by the presence of typical interferences such as ascorbic and uric acid, serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. 

Ricin can be detected in the blood or other bodly fluids of exposed animals using competitive radioimmunoassays or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). These methods generally do not distinguish between active ricin molecules versus partially degraded or otherwise inactivated toxin. The postexposure time limit for accurate antibody-based detection of ricin in biological samples varies and depends on the route of exposure and the absorbed dose. In the laboratory, ELISA detects ricin in oro-nasal swabs of NHP exposed to ricin aerosol up to 24 h after exposure (Franz and Jaax, 1997). Likewise, ELISA detects ricin in selected tissues of laboratory rats up to 48 h after an i.m. challenge (Leith et al., 1988). 

The chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity studies were designed as definitive studies to address the issue of safety. The experimental design involved utero exposure of rats and the use of weanling mice. Only certified batches of color from the various suppliers were used. Two laboratories were selected following an extensive evaluation of the facilities available at that time. 

Toxicity data derived from single laboratories on selected animal subjects are known to correlate well with mechanistic descriptors such as logP. Examples are reported for barbiturates on rats, mice and rabbits (JJ, bicyclophosphates on mice (2, 2,6-dialkylanilines on rats (2.), and phenols on mice ( ). Optimal dependance on logP is frequently observed. 

The carcinogenicity of a series of PAH in the mammary gland has been examined in 50-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats using direct application of the compound to the mammary tissue (1 , 17, 18). The results of these experiments, presented in Table III, are compared to the carcinogenicity results in mouse skin from repeated application obtained in our laboratory and others. PAH were selected because they were or were not expected to be activated by one-electron oxidation, based on the hypothesis that compounds with relatively high IP cannot be activated by this mechanism. Furthermore, some... 

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