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Key stimulus

Continuing advances in development of new membranes with better thermal, chemical, and improved transport properties have led to many new possible applications. Development of newer membrane modules and operating procedures in recent years has provided a key stimulus for the growth of the membrane industry such as submerged membrane filtration for treating municipal water. [Pg.1]

Lorenz (1981) recognized that some appetitive behaviors are FAPs, endogenously released and terminated upon detection of the key stimulus for the consummatory act that is the objective of the search. But, he did not develop the theoretical implications of this idea. Instead we must turn to the Russian physiologists who have spent 50 years studying orienting reflexes (Sokolov, 1963 Voronin et al., 1965, see also Berlyne, 1960). [Pg.40]

The key factor in the development of sepsis is inflammation. Inflammation is intended to be a local and contained response to infection or injury. Infection or injury is controlled through pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Pro-inflammatory mediators facilitate clearance of the injuring stimulus, promote resolution of injury, and are involved in processing of damaged tissue.1,13-16 In order to control the intensity and duration of the inflammatory response, antiinflammatory mediators are released that act to regulate pro-inflammatory mediators.15-16 The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators localizes infection/injury of host tissue.13-16 However, systemic responses ensue when equilibrium in the inflammatory process is lost. [Pg.1186]

The stimulus for the recent surge of activity in this previously dormant area of organic chemistry can be traced to the prostaglandin connection . That is to the discovery that saturated bicyclic peroxides are key intermediates in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and other physiologically active substances by the enzymatic oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. [Pg.127]

Several molecules participate in chemical stimulus detection 930 Sodium channels are key in conveying nociceptive information from the periphery to the CNS 930... [Pg.927]

At the most basic level, mechanical properties are necessarily a matter of action and reaction, stimulus and response. The actor—a mechanical stress—is a familiar part of everyday life, but efforts to understand its molecular consequences are only recently coming to the fore in supramolecular chemistry. We next consider examples of how covalent polymers respond to a mechanical stress, and then we extend that examination to the case of SPs. This discussion is not intended to capture all of the details of a thermodynamically rigorous treatment but is instead focused on providing a useful conceptual framework for key concepts related to the mechanics of SPs. [Pg.40]

The key feature of specific phobia is an intense and persistent fear of circumscribed situations or specific stimuli (e.g. exposure to animals, blood). Confrontation with the situation or stimulus provokes almost invariably an immediate anxiety response. Often, the situation or stimulus is therefore avoided or endured with considerable dread. Adolescents and adults with this disorder recognize that this anxiety reaction is excessive or unreasonable, but this may not be the case in children. For a diagnosis according to DSM-IV, the avoidance, fear or anxious anticipation of the phobic stimulus must interfere with the persons daily life or the person must be markedly distressed about having the phobia. Further, the phobic reactions are not better explained by another mental disorder, such as, for example, social phobia. [Pg.409]

In the mid-1960s, Dessy and coworkers [12, 13] provided an extensive survey of the anodic and cathodic reactions of transition metal organometallic species, including binary (homoleptic) carbonyls, and this provided a stimulus for many later detailed studies. Whereas the electrochemistry of heteroleptic transition metal carbonyls is covered elsewhere in this volume, that of the binary carbonyls, which is covered here, provides paradigms for the electrochemistry of their substituted counterparts. A key aspect is the generation of reactive 17-electron or 19-electron intermediates that can play key roles in the electrocatalytic processes and electron-transfer catalysis of CO substitution by other ligands. [Pg.226]

Every protein has specialized functions, and specific regulatory mechanisms often control transcription of its genes. A cell must respond to a large number of stimuli, and responses often include activation or repression of transcription.4153 In some cases an internal signal, such as a change in concentration of a nutrient or a key metabolite, provides the stimulus. In other cases an external stimulus such as heat or light is the inducer. A few examples follow. Others are mentioned throughout the book. [Pg.1635]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.5 ]




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Stimulus

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