Kaneka process

In a study aim to develop biocatalytic process for the synthesis of Kaneka alcohol, apotential intermediate for the synthesis of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, cell suspensions of Acine-tobacter sp. SC 13 874 was found to reduce diketo ethyl ester to give the desired syn-(AR,5S)-dihydroxy ester with an ee of 99% and a de of 63% (Figure 7.4). When the tert-butyl ester was used as the starting material, a mixture of mono- and di-hydroxy esters was obtained with the dihydroxy ester showing an ee of 87% and de of 51% for the desired, sy -(3/t,5,Sr)-dihydroxy ester [16]. Three different ketoreductases were purified from this strain. Reductase I only catalyzes the reduction of diketo ester to its monohydroxy products, whereas reductase II catalyzes the formation of dihydroxy products from monohydroxy substrates. A third reductase (III) catalyzes the reduction of diketo ester to, vv -(3/t,55)-dihydroxy ester. 

Oohara, Y. Hirose, F. Sato, T. et al. Extruded styrene resin foam and process for producing the same, US Patent 6,762,212 to Kaneka Corporation, 2004. 

BEHR Process Corporation MASTERCHEM INDUSTRIES LLC Belclene BWA WATER ADDITIVES Belco KANEKA CORPORATION Belgard BWA WATER ADDITIVES Bellacide BWA WATER ADDITIVES Bellasol BWA WATER ADDITIVES Belsperse BWA WATER ADDITIVES Bemis Clysar, BEMIS COMPANY INC Bemis Company, Inc. CURWOOD INC... 

In 2005, Japanese company Kaneka developed the first beads-process, foamed resin moulded product, which is based on polylactic acid. The new KanePearl product has the strength and shock-absorbing properties of existing beads-process, foamed polystyrene products. 

In 2004, Procter Gamble formed a joint development agreement with Japan s Kaneka Corporation for the commercialisation of Nodax biodegradable polymers. The companies will develop cost-effective ways of producing Nodax through fermentation and make the polymer easier to process so it can be used in a wider range of applications. 

The enzymes of the nucleic acid metabolism are used for several industrial processes. Related to the nucleobase metabolism is the breakdown of hydantoins. The application of these enzymes on a large scale has recently been reviewed [85]. The first step in the breakdown of hydantoins is the hydrolysis of the imide bond. Most of the hydantoinases that catalyse this step are D-selective and they accept many non-natural substrates [78, 86]. The removal of the carbamoyl group can also be catalysed by an enzyme a carbamoylase. The D-selective carbamoylases show wide substrate specificity [85] and their stereoselectivity helps improving the overall enantioselectivity of the process [34, 78, 85]. Genetic modifications have made them industrially applicable [87]. Fortunately hydantoins racemise readily at pH >8 and additionally several racemases are known that can catalyze this process [85, 88]. This means that the hydrolysis of hydantoins is always a dynamic kinetic resolution with yields of up to 100% (Scheme 6.25). Since most hydantoinases are D-selective the industrial application has so far concentrated on D-amino acids. Since 1995 Kaneka Corporation has produced 2000 tons/year of D-p-hydroxyphenylglycine with a D-hydantoinase, a d-carbamoylase [87] and a base-catalysed racemisation [85, 89]. 

T. Kikuchi, H. Tsuji, K. Okada, H. Furutani, K. Tanaka, S. Kara, and H. No-jiri. Process for producing polyimide resin. US Patent 6790930, assigned to Kaneka Corporation (Osaka, JP), September 14,2004. 

Several manufacturers of heat stabilisers, impact modifiers and process aids were raided early in 2003 by competition officials in Europe, Japan, Canada and the USA. The Japanese companies included Kaneka, Kureha Chemical and Mitsubishi Rayon. Fourteen European PVC additive suppliers were said to be involved, including Akcros Chemicals, Arkema, and Rohm and Haas, as well as suppliers in the Netherlands, Italy, Germany and Belgium. 

Kalidar, PEN container, fiber resins, DuPont Polyester Resins Intermediates Kalrez, Perfluoroelastomer parts, DuPont Kane Ace, Impact modifiers/processing aids, Kaneka Texas... 

Kane Ace FM is an acrylic high weather-resistant impact modifier for PVC products such as window profiles, siding and business machine housings, based on Kaneka technology. It imparts good processability, gelation behaviour, heat stability and low die-swell in lead-stabilized compounds, at addition levels of 8 phr. 

Kaneka holds tbe patent on chemical composition P G holds processing and application patents... 

Nakagawa, Y., et al. (2000). Resin compositions, star polymers and process for their production. In PCT Int. Appl. WO 0011056., Kaneka Corporation, Japan, 57 pp. 

Polyimide film continnes to be the major substrate material for flexible circuits because only it can snpport high-temperature processes such as soldering and wirebonding. Both Kapton H film by Dn Pont and Apical AV by Kaneka have been used in the flexible circuit industry for... 

There are several barriers to using traditional polyimide films as the major substrate materials in HDI flexible circuits. Dimensional stability is the largest issue. Both Kapton H film and Apical AV by Kaneka have coefficients of thermal efficiency (CTEs) higher than 30 ppm, which is not acceptable for the large-volume production processing of HDI flexible circuits. Relatively high moisture absorption is another major barrier to using these films as the base... 

Kaneka Co. Ltd. started the enzymatic production of D-p-hydroxyphenylglycine (d-HPG) in 1980 in Singapore, and the immobilized D-carbamoylase reactor was introduced in this process in 1995. The annual production of d-HPG by this method is around 2,000 t. d-HPG is a starting material for the production of semisynthetic penidllins and cephalosporins, such as amoxicillin and cefadroxil. d-HPG is produced from DL-p-hydroxyphenylhydantoin (DL-HPH) by a two-step enzymatic method (Takahashi 1986). 

The processing aids comprised Paraloid K-120 and K-130, and Kaneka PA-20. In general, the best balance of properties was obtained with 6-12phr of processing aid. (Calcium stearate at 2.4 phr appears excessive anomalous losses in mechanical properties were reported.)... 

Among the ACE inhibitors, captopril (Fig. 9) is the most famous and Kaneka has developed an effective synthetic process for captopril involving (/ )-P-hydroxyisobutyric acid [104]. In this synthesis, (5)-3-acetylthio-2-methylpropanoic acid, a key intermediate for captopril, is prepared from (/ )-P-hydroxyisobutyric acid on a plant scale. 

---