Jute reinforced plastic

Shah, A. N. and Lakkad, S. C., Mechanical properties of jute-reinforced plastics. Fibre Sci. Technd., 15, 41-46 (1981). 

Pal, P.K., Jute reinforced plastics a low cost composite material, Plast. Rubber Process. Appl, 4, 215-219 (1984). 

Pal, P. (1984) Jute reinforced plastics a low cost composite material. Plast. Rubber Process. Appl., 4 (3), 215-219. European Biop Astics Bioplastics to pass the one million tonne mark in 2011, Press Release, http //wmv.en.european-hioplastics.org/wp-content/uploads/2011 /press/pressreleases/ PR marhet study bioplastics ENG pdf (accessed 5 November 2011). 

Singh B, Gupta M, Verma A (1996) Influence of fiber surface treatment on the properties of sisal fiber reinforced polyester composites. Polym Compos 17 910-918 Schirp A, Wolcott M (2005) Influence of fungal decay and moisture absorption on mechanical properties of extruded wood-plastic composites. Wood Fiber Sci 37 643-652 Winfield AG (1979) Jute reinforced polyester project for UNIDO/Govt, of India Blast Rubber Int 4 23-28... 

Bast fiber n. Any of a group of fibers taken from the inner barks of plants that run the length of the stem, is surrounded by enveloping tissue, and is cemented together by pectic gums. Included in the group are jute, flax, hemp, and ramie, some of which are used to reinforce plastics. 

Glass is predominantly the most important and widely used fibre in reinforced plastics. Other fibres are natural (cotton, sisal, jute), synthetic (nylon, polyester, acetate, rayon), or organic and Inorganic high-performance fibres (aramid. boron, carbon/graphite). 

All natural fibers are hydrophihc and their moisture content ranges from 3 to 13%. This leads to a very poor interface between natural fiber and the hydrophobic matrix and very poor moisture resistance. Several fiber surface treatments are used to improve the interface viz-thermal treatment, chemical treatment, and use of coupling agents (Bledzki and Gassan, 1999). Fillers are added to composites for technical and chemical reasons (Milewski and Katz, 1980). Calcium carbonate has maximum usage as filler in plastics and FRP due to its low cost, non-toxicity and lack of odor. Present work gives effectiveness of jute fabric treatment and addition of filler on properties of jute reinforced polyester composites (JFRP). 

Aquino, E. M. R, Sarmento, L. P. S., and Oliveira, W. (2007). Moisture Effect on Degradation of Jute/Glass Hybrid Composites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composite 26(2), 219-233. 

Gassan, J. and Bledzki, A.K. (2000) Possibilities to improve the properties of natural fiber reinforced plastics by fiber modification-jute polypropylene composites. Appl. Compos. Mater., 7, 373-385. 

The use of traditional composites made by glass, aramid, or carbon fiber-reinforced plastics has recently been discussed critically because of increasing environmental consciousness [8]. Thus, the recent research and development (R D) efforts have led to new products based on natural resources. Some of these are biodegradable polymers like PLA, cellulose esters, polyhydroxyalkan-otes (PHAs), and starch polymers. Furthermore, natural fiber-reinforced plastics made of natural fibers like flax, hemp, kenaf, jute, and cotton fibers are important R D achievements. Composites made of natural fibers and biopolymers... 

Y. Seki, M. Sarikanat and M. A. Ezan, Effect of siloxane treatment of jute fabric on the mechanical and thermal properties of jute/HDPE. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites. 31 (15), 1009-1016 (2012). 

Cellulose fiber is a good reinforcing tiller. In fact, this is one of the two major factors of the very existence of WPC materials (a) to make the composite material less expensive and (b) to obtain material with overall better properties compared to neat plastic, on the one hand, and wood, on the other. For example, tensile modulus of a particular sample of neat polypropylene was 203,000 psi, whereas for the same polypropylene filled with 40% of jute it was 1,030,000 psi. For a comparison, for the same polypropylene filled with 40% glass fiber it was 1,100,000 psi. Tensile modulus for natural fiber itself is in the range of 3,800,000-17,400,000 psi [135]. Table 3.4 shows data in more detail. 

The demand for better fuel efficiency based on the strict governmental regulations on safety and emission has led to the wide application of composites and plastics in the automotive industry in the place of the traditionally used steels [32]. Thermoplastic materials reinforced with natural fibers have reported to have excellent mechanical properties, recycling properties, etc. [33-36]. Several natural and biorenewable fibers such as wheat, isora, soybean, kenaf, straw, jute, and sisal are used in the fiber/plastic composite industry, and the use of namral fibers as reinforcements for composite has attracted many industries [37, 38]. Compared to polymer resin, polymer biocomposites that are reinforced with natural fibers have many applications due to its ease of processing, comparatively lower cost, and excellent mechanical properties [39]. For more than a decade, European car manufacturers and suppliers have been using natural fiber-based composites with thermoplastic and thermoset matrices. These biocomposites and bionanocomposites... 

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