Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues JMPR

In September 1999, the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) established an acute reference dose (RfD) of 0.1 mg/kg bw and a chronic RfD, or acceptable daily intake (ADI), of 0.01 mg/kg bw/day. (See FAO/WHO Report 153, Pesticide Residues in Pood, Section 4.7, Chlorpyrifos, 1999.)... 

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 10 309, 310 Joint meeting on pesticide residues (JMPR), 18 541... 

Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) Carbaryl. Pesticide residues in food. Toxicological evaluation addendum http //www. inchem.org, 2001... 

The acceptable daily intakes set by the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) for cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin are 0-0.01 mg kg body weight, with acute oral reference doses for deltamethrin or permethrin of 0.05 mg kg bw. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health maximum allowable concentration (MAC) for pyrethrins at an 8 h time-weighted average is 5 mg m ... 

FAO and WHO followed in 1961 and 1963". Since 1965 they have been held annually. Each session is formally entitled a Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the Environment with the WHO Expert Committee (or Panel) on Pesticide Residues but they are more usually referred to as FAO/WHO Joint Meetings on Pesticide Residues (JMPR). 

JMPR. 2006. The Joint FAO/WHO Meetings on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) website. http /www.who. int/foodsafety/chem/jmpr/en/... 

Toxicological evaluations of food additives and of contaminants, naturally occurring toxicants and residues of veterinary drugs in food produced by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), and of pesticide residues in food by the Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) are used by the Codex Alimentarius Commission and national governments to set international food standards and safe levels for protection of the consumer. 

The OECD conversion factors, which are summarized in Table 7.12, are used by, e.g., the EU s Scientific Committee for Eood (SCE), the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Eood Additives (JECEA), and the Joint EAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) in their evaluations of food additives, contaminants, and pesticides. 

The Joint FAO/WHO Meetings on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) began work in 1963 following a decision that the Codex Alimentarius Commission should recommend MRLs for pesticides and environmental contaminants in specific food products to ensure the safety of foods containing residues. It was also decided that JMPR should recommend methods of sampling and analysis. There is close cooperation between JMPR and the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR). CCPR identifies those substances requiring priority evaluation. After JMPR evaluation, CCPR discusses the recommended MRLs and, if they are acceptable, forwards them to the Commission for adoption as Codex MRLs. 

Another well-known example within the pesticide area is the group ADI of 0-0.03 mg/kg bw/day allocated to dithiocarbamate fungicides. Thus, the Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) in 1993, in its evaluation of mancozeb, concluded that... 

When proposing an MRL, the Rapporteur Member State (RMS) identifies the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) and Acute Reference Dose (ARfD) for man that is valid for the pesticide in question. The ADI thus identified is often the same as that recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Meetings on Pesticide Residues (JMPR), whose recommendations on ADIs and MRLs are used within the Codex Alimentarius system. If the ADI proposed by the RMS is not that recommended by JMPR, the RMS has to provide an explanation for the difference. The other Member States comment on the RMS proposal at meetings of the Working Group on Pesticide Residues. If the Member States cannot reach agreement on the evaluation, the matter is referred to one or more of the Commission s scientific advisory committees. Prior to autumn 1997, such questions were referred to the Scientific Committee for Pesticides, but since then they have been referred to the Scientific Committee on Plants. 

JMPR Joint Meeting on Pesticides Residues (FAO/WHO) JMPR advises the CCPR, which is responsible for recommending the Codex MRL. 

JMPR in Pesticide Residues in Food - 1997, FAO Plant Production Paper 146, Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, Rome, 1997, pp. 509-534. 

Guideline EHC 240 was developed by the Joint EAOAVHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the Joint FAOAVHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR). These independent expert bodies are made up of members and experts drawn from the international scientiflc community under the direction of the JECFA and JMPR Secretariats. JECFA meets on an ad hoc basis to evaluate toxicology data for food additives, contaminants, and naturally occurring toxicants in food and for residues of veterinary drugs in food and recommends concentrations of these chemicals in foods that should pose no risk to the consumer. JMPR carries out similar evaluations for pesticides. Maximum residue limits (MRLs) for residues in food... 

The author is a toxicologist with the International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva. He is the Joint WHO Secretary to the Joint FAO/ WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR). Apart from those instances where the views of the JECFA are referenced, the author alone is responsible for the opinions in this paper. 

Joint Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization Meeting on Pesticide Residues (2006) Pesticide residues in Food. Evaluations Part II toxicology, p 157. http // www.inchem.org/documents/jmpr/jmpmono/v2006pr01.pdf. Accessed 14 Feb 2011... 

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