Jet-impingement tests

Details of jet impingement tests will be found in Section 19.1. Alloys resistant to impingement attack will be considered subsequently. 

Campbell points out that in evaluating condenser tube materials a test apparatus is required that will include all the principal hazards likely to be encountered in service and should thus cater for the following conditions impingement, slow moving water, heat transfer and shielded areas. Furthermore, the internal surfaces should not be abraded, as in the jet impingement test, but should be tested in the as-manufactured condition, particularly in view of the deleterious effect of carbon films produced during manufacture (see Sections 1.6 and 4.2). LaQue has pointed out the importance of specimen area in impingement tests... 

Jet impingement test protocol Can simulate high turbulence conditions at high temperatures, pressures for gas, and liquid, multiphase systems. Involves small volumes of test fluids [8,9]... 

Apart from the impact and vibration tests dealt with previously, there are several other tests of friability, some of which appear in British Standards dealing with specific materials. Such tests include mixer tests, jet impingement tests, shear tests, tumbler tests and fluidized bed tests. Of these, the shear tests and tumbler tests are only considered worth mentioning here, with more details available from another BMHB publication54. 

Efird, K. D., "Jet Impingement Testing for Flow Accelerated Corrosion, CORROSION/2000, NACE Annual Corrosion Conference, 2000, Paper No. 2000. 

Fig. 2.7 (a) Spray and jet impingement cooling. Reprinted from Lasance and Simons (2005) with permission, (b) Details of the test section, (c) HAGO nozzle and spray details. Parts (b reprinted from Fabbri et al. (2005) with permission... 

Figure 15.4 Mapping electrochemical material loss against mechanical erosion rates for a nonpassivating surface carbon steel (AISI1020) along with two potentially passivating surfaces of nickel aluminum bronze (NAB) one that has been thermally sprayed by high-velocity oxy-fuel deposition as a coating on carbon steel ( j and another which has been cast (A.). These results were obtained from jet impingement erosion-corrosion tests. Reprinted from Ref. [7]. Copyright (2007) with permission from Elsevier.

Electrochemical corrosion measurements were conducted in a modified corrosion testing cell where a combination of a circulating pump and a jet nozzle simulated jet-impingement attack as shown in Figure 4. 

Reda, M. R., and Alhajji, J. N., Comparison of Current Reversal Chronopotentiometiy (CRC) and Small Amplitude Cyclic Voltammetry (SACV) Method to Determine the Long-Term Corrosion Tendency of Copper-Nickel Alloys in Polluted and Unpolluted Seawater Under Jet-Impingement Conditions, Corrosion Testing in Natural Waters Second Volume, ASTM STP 1300,1997, pp. 143-158. 

Standard Test Method for Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement Using Gas Jets Standard Test Method for Ranking Resistance of Materials to Sliding Wear Using Block-on-Ring Wear Test... 

Impingement and erosion-corrosion forms of attack will usually be intensified by the presence of solid particles in the fluid. Variations of the jet test have been proposed to take this effect into account. ... 

The laboratory impinging jet test for evaluating the acid erosion of dental cements is described in Chapter 10. Using this method with lactic acid-lactate solutions, Wilson et al. (1986b) found, for one cement, that the erosion rate was virtually zero at pH = 5 0, 0-38 % at pH = 4-0 and 5 7 % at pH = 2-7. For a range of cements Wilson et al. (1986a) found erosion rates varying from 3 0 to 5-7 % in lactic add solutions of pH = 2-1. The... 

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