Japanese people

Salmon roe is a favorite food for Japanese people, often served with sushi. Salmon are captured in the ocean (about 1000 salmon in one fishing expedition) and separated into female and male in the fishing ports, because female salmon sell at a much higher price than male salmon. However, as selection by external... 

The Japanese people s car was a product of the late 1950s and 1960s. By the 1980s Japan had expanded its auto manufacturing and was the world s second largest manufacturer of automobiles, after the U.S. 

Foreign clinical results are acceptable except in areas where there are immunological and ethnic differences between Japanese and foreigners. The ethnic factors are divided into two components intrinsic factors such as racial factors and physiological differences and extrinsic factors, which include cultural and environmental issues. In these cases, the MHLW may require that some bridging comparative clinical trials be performed with dose ranging protocols. This will enable absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion studies to be carried out on Japanese individuals and provide better dosage and indication for the Japanese people. The MHLW also requires that application be accompanied by one year of real-time stability data and that sterility test results be included. 

Because of these changes, many multinational pharmaceutical companies include the Japanese market into their global development and marketing strategies. It is important to understand, however, that there are still many oddities for conducting clinical trial in Japan. Many of these are due to the difference in medical practice and/or attitude of the Japanese people towards effects and side effects of medicinal products, which may not harmonise with the West in a short period of time. Therefore, it is important to conduct a careful feasibility study before commencing clinical trials in Japan if global development is planned. 

The Japanese people live in a delicate micr0eCOsystem that can be easily polluted by industrial chemical accidents and the use of persistent agricultural chemicals. An intensive scientific effort has led to the isolation and identification of biodegradable natural products for potential use in agriculture. These include microbial metabolites that have activity against plants, microorganisms, nematodes, and insects. 

Ishinaga, M., Ueda, A., Mochizuki, T., Sugiyama, S., and Kobayashi, T. 2005. Cholesterol intake is associated with lecithin intake in Japanese people. J. Nutr. 135, 1451-1455. 

KidoT, Hayano M, Kobayashi E, Nogawa K, Nishijo M,Tabata M, Nakagawa H, Tsuritani I. Significance of elevated urinary human intestinal alkaline phosphatase in Japanese people exposed to environmental cadmium.Toxicol Lett 1995 80 49-54. 

Nakagawa R. 1995. Concentration of mercury in hair of Japanese people. Chemosphere 30( 1) 127-133. 

Kido T, Hayano M, Kobayashi E, Nogawa K, Nishijo M, Tabata M, Nakagawa H, Tsuritani I. Significance of elevated urinary human intestinal alkaline phosphatase in Japanese people exposed to environmental cadmium. Toxicol Lett 1995 80 49-54. Kido T, Honda R, Tsuritani I, Ishizaki M, Yamada Y, Nakagawa H, Nogawa K. Significant increase of urinary mucoprotein in environmental-cadmium-exposed Japanese subjects. Toxicol Lett 1991 55 303-309. 

Nakagawa R, Yumita Y and Hiromoto M (1997) Total mercury intake from fish and shellfish by Japanese people. Chemosphere. 35 2909—2913. Nakatsuru S, Oohashi J, Nozaki H, Nakada S and Imura N (1985) Effect of mercurials on lymphocyte functions in vitro. Toxicology 36 297—305. NAS (National Academy of Science) (1977) An Assessment of Mercury in the Environment. Safe Drinking Water Committee, National Research Council. 

From 1945 to 1950 after World War II, Japan experienced very poor sanitary conditions due to the destruction caused by the war. Various kinds of infectious diseases were prevalent. In order to control the vector arthropods of insect-borne diseases, about 4 million Tokyo citizens were treated with DDT. Indeed, DDT saved the lives of many Japanese people after World War II. 

Studies have demonstrated an overall response rate of 10%, whieh means 10% of the treated population will achieve a response. It is now known that essentially all of the people who respond to Iressa have a genetie mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGER) gene." Others have shown that the EGER mutation occurs most frequently in Japanese people and is relatively uneommon in Caucasians. Although, the positive clinical response rate to Iressa is relatively low, that... 

Japan s human resources have more than counter-balanced this country s lack of natural resources, and have required that the Japanese people innovate to become a leader in our industrial society or stagnate and become a "loser". 

Japanese people and their culture. Earlier we mentioned the human resources of Japan and their importance relative to the lack of natural resources. 

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