Japanese oysters

The determination of OXO in Japanese oyster was realized using reversed-phase HPLC. Samples were extracted with LLE and SPE recoveries were 88.3% (193). Oyster samples were homogenized with a phosphate buffer adjusted to pH 7. After centrifugation, supernatants were concentrated using an SPE C-18 cartridge. Before use, the cartridge was activated with MeOH and phosphate buffer. After the sample had been passed, the cartridge was flushed with water and the analytes were eluted with MeOH-orthophosphoric acid (9 1). The eluate was evaporated, and the residues were dissolved in the mobile phase. The method developed was validated and the study of OXO stability was performed. The limits of detection and determination were 10 and 40 ng/ml, respectively. 

H Pouliquen, L Pinault, H Le Bris. Determination of oxolinic acid in seawater, marine sediment, and Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Liq Chrom 17 929-945, 1994. 

Nicolas, L., Robert, R., and Chevolot, L., Comparative effects of inducers on metamorphosis of the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas and the great scallop Pecten maximus, Biofouling, 12, 189, 1998. 

GRiZELH,HfiRALM (1991),Introductioninto France of the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas). Journal du Conseil International pour VExploration de la Mer, 47,399-403. 

The dust from mollusk shells can also provoke occupational allergies. Inhalation of mollusk shell dust in a nacre button factory was associated with h)q)ersensitivity pneumonitis (Orriols et ah, 1990, 1997). A similar case was identified in Korea (Kim et ah, 1982). Several Japanese investigators have described occupational asthma occurring among workers who culture oysters (Nakashima, 1969 Wada et ah, 1967). Exposure to dust from mofher-of-pearl in a souvenir maker (Tas, 1972) and fo cuttlefish bones in a jewelry polisher (Beltrami et ah, 1989) was linked to occupational asthma. 

Matsumoto, K., Ogikubo, A., Yoshino, T., Matsui, T., and Osajima, Y. (1994). Separation and purification of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptide in peptic hydrolysate of oyster. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi 41,589-594. (in Japanese). 

The imaging of photon emission from the ROS/hydrogen donor/mediator system was applied to solid-type samples. We studied the photon emission of several foods. Hydrogen donor emission (Y emission) was observed from polyphenol rich vegetables and fruits (tea and banana), fermented foods (oyster sauce, soy sauce and miso), alcohol (wine, sake and beer), spices and cereals (wheat and rice). Mediator emission (Z emission) was seen from some vegetables (Japanese radish, Chinese yam and nozawa-na) and fruits (melon), egg white, meat and fish meat. Imaging detection has a potential for visualization of Y and Z component distribution through the Y and Z emission... 

Concentrations of 108mAg, 110mAg, 137Cs and 210Pb in oysters on the Japanese coast... 

Different concentrations of various metals are observed between open and nearly closed bayg232 effective half-hfe of nOmAg (equation 55) in squids after Chernobyl is 7 (i/2)eff = 130 days, in oysters after the Chernobyl accident r(i/2)eff = 140 days and in oysters after the 26th Chinese test r(i/2)eff = 160 days. The r(i/2)eff value is shorter than the physical half-hfe, Tphys = 249.76 days. Taking T a = 150 days for D9 Ag in oysters, we find that T = 375 days. This number probably reflects the half-residence time of ii° Ag in the sea water rather than the biological half-hfe in the oysters. The 7 (i/2)eff values of ii° Ag for oysters and squids are similar. The specific radioactivity of l° Ag for oysters was found to be 0.026 0.008 Bq/mg silver at the open Japanese coast which compares with value of 0.021 0.005 Bq/mg silver for squid in the Pacific Ocean. This coincidence suggests the similar behaviour of i0 Ag in Pacific Ocean oysters and squids and also a uniform distribuhon of i° Ag in the Pacific Ocean water. Thus the present levels of ii° Ag or lo m g found in the above environmental studies do not ensue a health hazard. The ICRP recommended the value of 2 x 10 Bq for llOmAg us an annual hmit of intake. 

Potassium sulfate and potassium hydrogen phthalate both formed a nacrelike structure when the PAA concentration was adjusted to a suitable value [235-237] (Fig. 17). Just like the nacre in Nature (Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata) [235], the nacre-Uke structure of potassium sulfate-PAA and potassiiun hydrogen phthalate-PAA can absorb and store dyes [235-237] (Fig. 17). With a different concentration of PAA, the K2SO4 crystal exhibited a different hierarchical architecture by iso-oriented assembly or oriented attachment mechanisms [236]. 

High pressure processed products are commercially available in the United States, Emopean, and Japanese retail markets. Examples of high pressure processed products commercially available in the United States include fruit smoothies, guacamole, ready meals with meat and vegetables, oysters, ham, chicken strips, fruit juices, and salsa. Low acid, shelf-stable products such as soups are not commercially available yet because of the limitations in killing spores with HP. High pressme results in foods with fresher taste, and better... 

A Japanese term for (oyster) shell white (Gettens et al., 1993a). 

Several fatty acids of the NMID (non-methylene interrupted dienoic acid) type have been identified in the Japanese bivalve Megangulus zyonensis, induding 5,Ills 2, 5,11-20 2, 5,13-20 2, 7,13-21 2 and 7,13-22 2 acids (Kawashima and Ohnishi, 2004). The identification of other NMI polyunsaturated adds, such as 7,13-22 2, 7,15-22 2 and 7,13,15-22 3, would imply the existence of A5-desaturases in this spedes and probably in some other species of bivalves, such as the pearl oyster, Pinctadajucata martensii (Saito, 2004) (see Figure 23.1). NMID acids are common in marine invertebrates and may act as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. For bivalves that are produced in... 

---