Italy goods

I owe a lot to Federica Bertondn and Giovanni Boccaletti. During their stay as Erasmus students in Groningen they brought a little bit of Italy with them (I remember some very good meals). Also from a chemical point of view their stays were successful. The compounds prepared and purified by Federica are at the basis of the work described in this thesis. The work of Giovanni has paved the way to enantioselective Lewis-acid catalysis in water, which is perhaps the most significant result of this thesis. 

Many firms are finding areas such as Ireland, Scotland, Spain, and southern Italy, where unemployment rates are relatively high and governments offer property tax exemptions, grants toward capital investment, low interest loans, and other incentives, attractive from those standpoints. Some of these areas have developed a good infrastmcture based on businesses already attracted to the area. 

Table 3.2 shows the 5 Cu and 5 Cc values of herbivores, omnivores, carnivores and humans. The (climate-corrected) trophic level effect between herbivores and carnivores is 0.90%o. Human values are closer to carnivore and omnivore values than to herbivore 5 Cc values. The human 5 Cc values are on average 0.66%o more positive than the herbivore 5 Cc values, a good estimate for a carnivore effect in humans (see section on trophic level effects, below). The average human 5 Cc value is -19.92 1.28%o,which would indicate that Holocene humans in Europe had a diet that consisted of C3 terrestrial foods, whieh is as might be expected. By looking at the humans separate from the total bone data set, we notice potential human food selection (Fig. 3.3) we can see a non-climatic pattern, which is much less uniform than in the total bone data set (Fig. 3.2b). Italy (6 Cc = -21.3%o) has a much more negative 8 Cc value than the Czech Republic (8 Cc =-18.7%o), Spain (8 Cc = -19.3%o) and Greece (-18.9%o but the 8 N of 9.0%odoes not indicate marine food), while the northern European coimtries are closer to a 5 Cc value of-20%o. What the actual causes are for this pattern in the human samples is not clear to better understand these variations it is best to consider, where possible, the 8 N values with the 8 Cc values. 

In the Mediterranean Sea and Middle East area, for example, there are obsidian outflows only in Italy, in some islands in the Aegean Sea, and in Turkey. Artifacts made of obsidian, however, are widely distributed over much of this vast area. Chemical analysis of many of these artifacts has shown that most of the obsidian used to make them originated in one or another of the outflows mentioned, but also in far-distant places such as Armenia and Iran. Plotting on a graph the concentration of selected elements in samples from obsidian sources against that in samples from sites where it was used, enables the identification of the source of the samples (see Fig. 22). Moreover, this type of analysis also makes it possible to trace the routes through which obsidian (and most probably other goods) were traded in antiquity (Renfrew and Dixon 1976). 

The differences found in the application of different RP systems cloud the differences between a public financing system and a price-cap regulation system. An RP becomes a price cap when the decision either to include a drug within public financing or to exclude it depends on its price. The use of RP in New Zealand and Italy is a good illustration of this situation. Italy introduced a very restrictive RP system in 1996. In this case, the maximum... 

The case of Oetzi (or the Iceman), the frozen mummy found in 1991 on the Alps on the border between Austria and Italy and now kept at the Archaeological Museum of Bolzano (Italy), is also well known. AMS radiocarbon measurements from the laboratories of Zurich[78] and Oxford[79] on tissue and bone samples from the Iceman dated him to 4550 19 years BP. When calibrated, this radiocarbon age corresponds to three probable calendar time intervals between 3350 BC and 3100 BC. Consistent measurements were obtained by dating some of his equipment and also botanic remains from the discovery site. [80] In this context, it is important to note that dating of Oetzi represents a good example of the relevance of the behaviour of the calibration curve in the final precision of a radiocarbon measurement. Actually, in this case, despite a very high precision of the radiocarbon age ( 19 years), the special trend in the calibration curve around the dated period, i.e. in particular the so-called wiggles, prevents a more exact and unambiguous absolute age determination. 

Prison as it turned out was in an old convent near Monopoli in Southern Italy. Mark and his comrades had a relatively good life. Certainly they would have prefered to have been home, but most of them, profitably, used the time to study. Italian was the most popular subject, but a few, like Mark, included French and English. Very few, however, joined Mark in extending their studies to include chemistry. 

Tetracyclines have been marketed since 1984, and, since discovery, some first-generation tetracyclines such as tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and chlorotetracychne have been extensively used in livestock and aquaculture, besides clinical use by humans. For human use, the second-generation tetracyclines doxycycline and minocycline have been prescribed to a great extent, and indeed prescription of the latter has steadily increased in the United States over the 2003-2005 period (Fig. 1.7). However, each of these tetracyclines is less than 0.5% of all the other 200 most prescribed dmgs. Tetracyclines are also prescribed to a good extent in several European countries (Fig. 1.6), with the exception of Italy and Denmark where per capita prescriptions are quite minimal, that is, <25 prescriptions per 1000 inhabitants (Molstad et ah, 2000). They are also widely used in animal husbandry where daily therapeutic doses of 40 mg tetracycline kg liveweight are typical (Kilhne et al., 2000). 

Antoine Baum6 stated that die purest alum came from Civita Vecchia near Rome and that a good grade of it was also made at Solfatara. He based his account on die Abbe J.-A. Nollet s description, read before the Academie des Sciences in 1750, of his visit to the Solfatara alum works and on the Abbe Mazeas s memoir on the alumte mines of Tolfa, Italy, and Polinier, Brittany, which was pubhshed in volume five of the Savants etrangers (148). 

Italian explosives, ammunition and weapons (small arms and artillery pieces) have always been considered of very good quality. With the exception of T4 (Cyclonite or RDX) and Tri-tolita (Cyclotol), which the Italians developed and used before both Great Britain and the USA, there are no high explosives of unusual interest or originality. However, there are several explosives similar to the German Ersatzsprengstoffe (Substitute Explosives), which were developed in Italy due to the shortage of aromatic compounds... 

The present study suggests the arrival of ceramics and possibly other goods, from different places around the Mediterranean, such as Italy, Manises, Barcelona, Portugal, and possibly Holland. The extent of the participation of all these different productions centers, and their impact and the variety of products involved in this process remains to be determined. However, this study shows that the trade netwoik, the most important one at that time, was far more complex than previously assumed. The exact mechanisms by which the different pottery enters these flows, whether it is licit or illicit, is not easily understood, but the work must be extended in order to obtain a more comprehensive picture. The Canary Island s role in this network becomes, then, a central subject of research. 

---