Isopropyl fluoride

Isopropylbenzalde hyde, 55, 10 Isopropyl ether, 58, 45, 52 Isopropyl fluoride, S8, 78 Isopropyl isocyanate, 56, 96 l-Isopropyl4-methjrlcyclohexene, 59,47... 

Using isopropyl fluoride and BF3, the yield of isopropyl benzene can be raised to about 82%. 

The fact that the boron trifluoride t-butyl fluoride (and chloride) system and the boron trifluoride isopropyl fluoride systems on thermal decomposition yielded polymer mixtures may indicate the equilibrium in equation (1). On measuring absorption spectra of boron trifluoride—... 

Isopropyl fluoride gives a substantially stable ionic complex with excess antimony pentafluoride (see Table 3). n-Propyl fluoride in antimony pentafluoride gave the identical secondary carbonium ion complex. 

Proton Magnetic Resonance of Isopropyl Fluoride and its Antimony Pentafluoride... 

Isocyanate, chlorosulfonyl-, 56, 41 Isocyanate, 2-propyl-, 56, 96 Isocyanide, benzyl-, 55, 98 Isocyanide, butyl-, 55, 98 ISOCYANIDE, tert-bulyl-, 55, 96 Isocyanide, cyclohexyl, 55, 98 Isocyanide, dodecanyl-, 55, 98 Isocyanide, ethyl-, 55, 98 Isocyanide, methyl-, 55, 98 Isocyanide, phenyl-, 55, 98 Isophorone, 57, 113 Isopropenyl acetate, 57, 113 Isopropyl alcohol, 58, 78,157 Isopropyl ether, 58, 45, 52 Isopropyl fluoride,58,78 Isopropylurea-polystyrene, 56, 96 Isoquinohne, 56, 20... 

Parrish, W.R., Sitton, D.M. (1982) Vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the propane/-, n-butanc/-, isobutene/-, and propylene/isopropyl fluoride systems. J. Chem. Eng. Data 27, 303-306. 

When hydrogen fluoride adds to an olefin, the fluorine becomes attached to the carbon with the least hydrogen. Ethylene yields ethyl fluoride propylene yields isopropyl fluorine cyclohexene gives cyclohexyl fluoride. Cyclopropane yields n-propyl fluoride when the reaction is conducted very slowly at 0°, but if the temperature is not well regulated an isomerization takes place to yield isopropyl fluoride. The reactions are all non-catalytic and take place in paraffin or metal containers equally well. The yields are from 60 to 80%.46... 

Isopropyl Fluoride.48 The procedure is the same as for ethyl fluoride except that the temperature is kept at 0°, and the ratio of hydrogen fluoride to propylene is held to 1.08. The yield is 61% isopropyl fluoride boils at —10.1°. 

Admitting the elsewhere enunciated problems with the enthalpy of formation of isopropyl fluoride, we conclude that the resonance energies of the halobenzenes decrease in the order F, 7.1 2.2 Cl, -12.3 2.1 Br, -20.2 4.9 I, - 20.6 6.1 kJ mol"1. The resonance energies of halobenzenes roughly track the earlier order with maximum stabilization for fluorine, although we must admit our surprise that only fluorobenzene is stabilized by this definition. Alternatively, since isopropylmethane and methylbenzene (i.e. isobutane and toluene) are common to all of the above reactions, it suffices to look merely at the differences of the enthalpies of formation of the correspondingly substituted benzene and propane (equation 31). 

In fact, we do have alkyl fluoride enthalpy-of-formation data for liquid -heptyl and H-octyl fluoride. Reference 1 cites, - 385 and - 439 kJmoL1 derived from the compendium by M. S. Kharasch, Bur. Stand. J. Res., 2, 359 (1929). A major problem—other than that the difference in enthalpies of formation is unreasonable—is found in Kharasch s work. He gives two -octyl fluoride heat-of-combustion values (one from the bromide, one from the iodide, and acknowledges the samples have a boiling point difference of 0.60°) that differ by 19.2 kJmoT1. The original study of the enthalpies of formation of n- and isopropyl fluoride is found in J. R. Lacher, A. Kianpour and J. D. Park, J. Phys. Chem., 69, 1454 (1956). Early in this paper, the authors... 

Effects of Water in HF Catalyst. A number of investigators have pointed out that water has an important role in alkylation catalysts. Schmer-ling (1955) stated that the use of HF catalyst with one percent water produced a favorable result In propylene-isobutane alkylation, whereas, with a catalyst containing ten percent water, isopropyl fluoride was the principal product and no alkylate was formed. (Both reactions were at 25C.) Albright et al. (1972) found the water content of sulfuric acid to be "highly important" In affecting the quality and yield of butene-isobutane alkylate. They postulated that the water content of sulfuric acid controlled the level of ionization and hydride transfer rate In the catalyst phase. It appears that dissolved water affects HF alkylation catalyst similarly and also exerts further physical influence on the catalyst phase such as reducing viscosity. Interfacial tension, and isobutane solubility. 

When dissolved in Sbp5, /i-propyl fluoride and isopropyl fluoride give solutions with identical nmr spectra, indicating that identical species are present. How do you account for this ... 

Tertiary C-H tonds show the highest reactivity. C-C bonds are generally more reactive than secondary or primary C-H bonds, leading to preferential nitrolysis of n-alkanes(cleavage nitratlcn) The nitronium ion, which is linear itself, does not seem to exercise excessive steric hindrance in the transition states of the reactions, where it is substantially bent (indicated also from its behavior in electrophilic aromatic substitutions). Side products of the nitrolysis are methyl, ethyl, and isopropyl fluoride (formed by the reaction of PFg with the cleaved alkylcarbenium ions) or secondary alkylation products, themselves capable of undergoing reaction with the nitronium salt. 

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