Isophane insulin injection

Therapeutic Function Hypoglycemic Chemical Name Isophane insulin Common Name Isophane insulin injection... 

Therapeutic Function Hypoglycemic Chemical Name See structure Common Name Isophane insulin injection Structural Formula Isophane insulin Chemical Abstracts Registry No. 53027-39-7... 

Synonyms Isophane Insulin Isophane Insulin Injection NPH Insulin NPH Iletin ] ... 

ISOPHANE INSULIN SUSPENSION (NPH) AND INSULIN INJECTION (REGULAR) ... 

Human insulin isophane suspension, 30% human insulin injection (rDNA origin) [FDA for Humulin 70/30]... 

Humulin (R, L, N, U, 50/50, and 70/30). Human insulin manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company has the trademark Humulin and is available in six formulations—Regular (R), NPH (N), Lente (L), Ultralente (U), 50% human insulin isophane suspension (NPH)/50% human insulin injection (buffered regular) (50/50), and 70% human insulin isophane suspension (NPH)/30% human insulin injection (buffered regular) (70/30). 

Mixture of 70% NPH, human SC insulin isophane suspension and 30% regular, human insulin injection cloudy or milky suspension of human insulin with protamine and zinc... 

Isophane insulin suspension and regular insulin injection (combination) ... 

A 54-year-old woman with gestational diabetes was later found to be allergic to chromium, pollen, dust, penicillin, acarbose, and metformin (130). She was treated with diet and glibenclamide, but later required insulin. With Humulin N insulin she developed a wheal of 15 mm immediately after the injection, which resolved in a few hours. However, a painful itchy induration appeared 2-3 hours after the injection and lasted a few days. She had an immediate reaction to isophane insulin, with induration, but insulin lispro was well-tolerated. 

When 30% insulin aspart plus 70% protamine aspart was compared with the same mixture of regular plus isophane insulins, both injected twice-daily for 12 weeks, in 294 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, control was better with the aspart mixture (16). There were fewer episodes of major hypoglycemia (20 versus 42) but the same number of minor episodes (362) with aspart. 

Grade USP, in various solutions or suspensions that include insulin injection isophane insulin suspension protamine zinc insulin suspension NF, as glo-bin zinc insulin injection. 

ISOPHANE INSULIN SUSPENSION AND INSULIN INJECTION (70% ISOPHANE INSULIN AND 30% INSULIN INJECTION)... 

Intermediate onset and action These preparations include isophane insulin suspension (NPH insulin) and lente suspension. Both preparations are given by subcutaneous injection they are not suitable for intravenous use. When mixing intermediate onset insulin with regular insulin. NPH insulin is preferred because lente insulin can retard the onset of action of regular insulin. 

Isophane Insulin Suspension and Insulin Injection 0.25 -1 24 Mixtard Novolin 70/30 (human). 

Thow, J. C., Johnson, A. B., Fulcher, G., and Home, P. D., 1990, Different absorption of isophane (NPH) insulin from subcutaneous and intramuscular sites suggests a need to reassess recommended insulin injection technique, Diabetic Med. 7 600-602. 

METHODS OF ADMINISTERING INSULIN. Several methods can be used to administer insulin. The most common method is the use of a needle and syringe Use of microfine needles has reduced the discomfort associated with an injection. Another method is the jet injection system, which uses pressure to deliver a fine stream of insulin below the skin. Another method uses a disposable needle and special syringe The syringe uses a cartridge that is prefilled with a specific type of insulin (eg, regular human insulin, isophane [NPH] insulin, or a mixture of isophane and regular insulin). 

Insulin suspensions. When the hormone is injected as a suspension of insulin-containing particles, its dissolution and release in subcutaneous tissue are retarded (rapid, intermediate, and slow insulins). Suitable particles can be obtained by precipitation of apolar, poorly water-soluble complexes consisting of anionic insulin and cationic partners, e.g the polycationic protein protamine or the compound aminoqui-nuride (Surfen). In the presence of zinc and acetate ions, insulin crystallizes crystal size determines the rate of dissolution. Intermediate insulin preparations (NPH or isophane, lente or zinc insulin) act for 18 to 26 h, slow preparations (protamine zinc insulin, ultralente or extended zinc insulin) for up to 36 h. 

A 5-year-old child with diabetes, Pierre Robin syndrome, cleft palate, allergic rhinitis, recurrent sinusitis, and obstructive sleep apnea, who had previously had skin rashes after penicillin, sulfonamides, and clindamycin, was given soluble and isophane human insulins (131). Three years later she developed local reactions, 2-5 cm areas, 30-120 minutes after injection. Skin-prick tests were negative for the diluent, isophane, and soluble insulin, but intradermal testing was positive with both insulins. Cetirizine and dexamethasone added to the insulin gave temporary relief. She was... 

Ten severely hyperglycemic patients with type 2 diabetes taking oral agents were treated at random with two injections of isophane daily or with lyophilized nasal insulin before each meal, with an added injection of subcutaneous isophane when necessary (261). The periods were separated by 2 months. Nasal insulin produced control of diabetes comparable to isophane, except in three patients. Adverse effects included transient pruritus, sneezing and rhinorrhea, and chronic nasal crusts. One patient was withdrawn because of cough and dizziness after each nasal dose. 

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