Microbial iron-transport

The po.ssible role of a chelate reductase for iron uptake from microbial siderophores has been examined for several plant species (30,47). With certain microbial siderophores such as rhizoferrin and rhodotorulic acid, the reductase may easily cleave iron from the siderophore to allow subsequent uptake by the ferrous iron transporter. However, with the hydroxamate siderophore, ferrioxamine B, which is produced by actinomycetes and u.sed by diverse bacteria and fungi, it has been shown that the iron stress-regulated reductase is not capable... 

G. Winkelmann, Specificity of iron transport in bacteria and fungi. CKC Haiulhook of Microbial Iron Chelates (G. Winkelmann, ed.) CRC Press, Boca Raton. 1991. pp. 65-106. 

Braun, Y. and Hantke, K. (1997). Receptor-mediated bacterial iron transport. In Transition Metals in Microbial Metabolism, eds. Winkelmann, G. and Carrano, C. J., Harwood, Amsterdam, pp. 81-116. 

Neilands, J. B. (1995). Siderophores structure and function of microbial iron transport compounds, J. Biol. Chem., 270, 26 723-26 726. 

Carrano CJ, Raymond KN (1978) Coordination Chemistry of Microbial Iron Transport Compounds. 10. Characterization of the Complexes of Rhodotorulic Acid, a Dihydroxa-mate Siderophore. J Am Chem Soc 100 5371... 

Raymond KN, Carrano CJ (1979) Coordination Chemistry and Microbial Iron Transport. Acc Chem Res 12 183... 

Stintzi A, Barnes C, Xu J, Raymond KN (2000) Microbial Iron Transport via a Siderophore Shuttle a Membrane Ion Transport Paradigm. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 10691... 

Winkelmann G (1991) Specificity of Iron Transport in Bacteria and Fungi. In Winkelmann G (ed) CRC Handbook of Microbial Iron Chelates. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, p 65... 

The multiple iron transport systems exemplify not only microbial diversity in utilizing different ways of sequestering essential iron, but also provide an array of potential targets unique to each species that could be utilized, separately or in concert, for species-specific identification, for diagnosis or as targeting agents for drug delivery and therapeutics. 

Neilands, J. B. (1973). Microbial iron transport compounds (siderochromes). In Inorganic Biochemistry (G. Eichhorn, ed.), p. 167-200. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 

Microbial iron transport and infections in animals and plants 679... 

Transport and storage processes involving iron are by far the best understood, both for mammalian systems (transferrin and ferritin) and for microbes (the siderophores in iron transport). In addition, knowledge of the transport and storage of copper and zinc in mammalian systems is advancing steadily, although awareness of microbial transport systems in general is poor. 

Neiland JB (1981) Microbial iron transport compounds (siderophores) as chelating agents. In Martell AE, Anderson WF, Badman DG (eds) Development of Iron Chelators for Clinical Use. Elsevier/North Holland, New York p 13-31... 

Anguibactin (470) is a unique siderophore (microbial iron-transport compound) isolated from iron-deficient cultures of a fish pathogenic bacterium, Vibrio anguillarum (378). The structure of 470 was determined by X-ray diffraction studies of its anhydro derivative. Another related compound copurified with 470 was identified as 2-(2, 3 -dihydroxyphenyl)-thiazoline-4-carboxyiic acid methyl ester (471) (379). 

Practically all aerobic and facultative aerobic microbial species critically examined for their presence excrete siderophores. The latter have also been called iron transport compounds and siderochromes, but siderophore, first proposed by Lankford (6), is preferred, since it suggests the... 

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