Butadiene Production

The other isomer, 1,2-butadiene, a small by-product in 1,3-butadiene production, has no significant current commercial interests. However, there are a number of pubHcations and patents on its recovery and appHcations, particularly in the specialty polymer area (8,9) and as a gel inhibitor (10). 

Ward EM, Fajen JM, Ruder AM, et al Mortality study of workers in 1,3-butadiene production units identified from a chemical workers cohort. Environ Health Perspect 103(6) 598-603, 1995... 

A small cohort study of 1,3-butadiene production workers showed a significant excess of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma, based on four cases. There was also an excess of stomach cancer, although represented by only five cases. Two leukaemia cases were found this was slightly more than expected. 

Ward, J.B., Jr, Ammenheuscr, M.M., Bechtold, W.E., Whorton, E.B., Jr Legator, M.S. (1994) hprt Mutant lymphocyte frequencies in workers at a 1,3-butadiene production plant. Environ. Health Perspect., 102 (Suppl. 9), 79-85... 

It seems reasonable to propose that the primary interaction inducing the proposed C-H activation mechanism consists in the interaction of the C-H bond with ferric ions, which are the oxidizing agents, as already proposed for the oxidation of different hydrocarbons at the surface chromate species of oxidized MgCr204 [8]. This mechanism implies that the two electrons of the C-H bond are assumed by the catalyst surface, where two ferric ions can become reduced to ferrous ions. But-3-en-2-oxide decomposes easily by elimination (as most alkoxides do) to the corresponding olefin, 1,3-butadiene in this case, and a surface OH group. Two OH s condense to allow water to desorb and oxygen reoxidizes the reduced iron cations. This is a very reasonable catalytic cycle for 1,3-butadiene production. 

TABLE 8.6. Hydrogenation of 1,3-Butadiene Product Selectivities for Various Forms... 

This guide covers the analysis of 1,3-butadiene products produced in North America. It includes possible components and test methods, both ASTM and other, either actually used or believed to be in use, to test for these components. This guide is not intended to be used or construed as a set of specifications for butadiene products. 

This guide is intended to provide information on the possible composition of 1,3-butadiene products and possible ways to test them. Since there are currently not enough ASTM standards for determining all components of interest, this guide provides information on other potentially available test methods. 

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