Ireland infants

John Scott and co-workers (Daly ct ai, 1995) coilecled about 56,000 blood samples from women attending prenatal clinics in Ireland, and measured the level of folate in red blood cells. Of these women, 81 produced an MTD infant. The results indicated a dramatic association between an NTD birth and low maternal red cell folate (under 0,15 pg folate/ml cells). 

The incidence of classic PKU is about 1 in 10,000-20,000 live births and exhibits considerable geographic variation (the incidence in Ireland is 1 in 4000, whereas the condition is rare among blacks and Asians). About 2% of hyperphenylalaninemic infants have a deficiency of biopterin or biopterin reductase. The most important clinical presentation is mental impairment. Diagnosis can be made early in the neonatal period by measurement of phenylalanine concentration in blood collected from... 

Following the use of CS in the Northern Ireland riots during August 1969, newspaper reports appeared describing cases of diarrhea, notably in infants and young children (The Observer, 1969 The Times, 1969). The UK independent Committee of Enquiry into the use of CS believed that there... 

Some developed countries such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, and the Nordic countries with a very low prevalence of HBV do not apply universal vaccination programme to infants but choose to provide hepatitis B vaccines only to well-defined risk groups. 

FSAI (Food Safety Authority of Ireland). 1999. Recommendations for a National Infant Feeding Policy. Dublin FSAI. Pp. 94-121. 

Wheat, rye and barley can cause celiac disease in genetically predisposed persons the role of oats in this disease is uncertain. Celiac disease affects both infants and adolescents, and in adults it is also called sprue. It is associated with a loss of villous structure of the intestinal mucosa epithelial cells exhibit degenerative changes and nutrient absorption functions are severly impaired. Incidence of the disease varies, e. g., 0.1% of the children are affected in central Europe and 0.3% in Ireland. The prolamin fractions of wheat, barley or rye are the cause of the disease, which is therefore eliminated by a change of diet to rice, millet or corn. 

Reference has been made in earlier sections to the occurrence of severe megaloblastic anaemia associated with methylmalonic aciduria and homo-cystinuria in the breast-fed infant of a strictly vegetarian mother, due to to vitamin B 12-deficiency (Section 11.2.3), and to the mild asymptomatic methylmalonic aciduria that may be observed during well-baby screening programmes (Section 11.2.2). Williams and Ireland (1977) have also reported neonatal acidosis associated with transient methylmalonic aciduria and vitamin Bi2 deficiency. Urinary excretion was about twice normal. In the authors ... 

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