Ionic polymer-metal composites applications

Shahinpoor M, Kim KJ (2005) Ionic polymer-metal composites IV. Industrial and medical applications. Smart Mater Struct 14 197... 

Jo C, Pugal D, Oh I-K, Kim KJ, Asaka K (2013) Recent advances in ionic polymer-metal composite actuators and their modeling and applications. Prog Polym Sci 38 1037... 

Tiwari, R. and Kim, K. J. (2010). Disc-shaped ionic polymer metal composites for use in mechano-electrical applications. Smart Materials and Structures 19, 6, p. 065016. 

The forth direction, analytical modeling for understanding the behaviors of these materials, has been popular approach. Testing and characterization have been conducted for developing the models. Such attempts have been done especially for ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs)[58, 70, 72, 120]. Nemab Nasser and his co-workers carried out extensive experimental studies on both Nafion- and Flemion-based IPMCs consisting of a thin perfluorinated ionomer in various cation forms, seeking to imderstand the fundamental properties of these composites, to explore the mechanism of their actuation, and finally, to optimize their performance for various potential applications[121]. They also performed a systematic experimental evaluation of the mechanical response of both metal-plated and bare Nafion and Flemion in various cation forms and various water saturation levels. They attempted to identify potential micromechanisms responsible for the observed electromechanical behavior of these materials, model them, and compare the model results with experimental data[122]. A computational micromechanics model has been developed to model the initial fast electromechanical response in these ionomeric materials[123]. A number... 

This book intends to provide a comprehensive and updated insight into both the fundamentals of each class of EAP, and examples of the most significant applications of EAP actuators in the biomedical field, either already demonstrated or currently under development. Eor this purpose, the book comprises five sections devoted to the most technologically mature EAPs, namely polymer gels, ionic polymer-metal composites, conjugated polymers, piezoelectric/electrostrictive polymers and dielectric elastomers. Each section is... 

In this chapter, the fundamental aspects of the ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) actuators have been described. The IPMC actuators have many unique characteristics such as softness, large bending response, low voltage drive, easy forming into any shape, and so on, which are suitable for biomedical applications. In the next chapter, the biomedical applications of IPMC actuators are described. 

The ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC, which is also known as ICPF in the robotics field) [10, 11] is one of the electroactive polymers that have shown potential for practical applications. The IPMC is an chemically plated electroactive polymer (EAP) material that bends when subjected to a voltage across its thickness (Figure 8.1). A Nafion-gold composite type IPMC [12], which contained the sodium ion, has a relatively good... 

Aureli M, Porfiri M (2012) Effect of electrode surface roughness on the electrical impedance of ionic polymer-metal composites. Smart Mater Struct 21 105030 Aureli M, Lin W, Porfiri M (2009) On the capacitance-boost of ionic polymer metal composites due to electroless plating theory and experiments. I Appl Phys 105 104911 Bard AJ, Falkner LF (2001) Electrochemical methods fundamentals and applications, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York... 

Najem J, Sarles S, Akle B, Leo D (2012) Biomimetic jellyfish-inspired underwater vehicle actuated by ionic polymer metal composite actuators. Smart Mater Struct 21 094026 Nakabo Y, Mukai T, Asaka K (2007) Biomimetic soft robots using IPMC. In Kim K, Tadokoro S (eds) Electroactive polymers for robotics applications. Springer, London, pp 165-198... 

De Luca V, Digiamberardino P, Di Pasquale G, Graziani S, Pollicino A, Umana E, Xibilia MG (2013) Ionic electroactive polymer metal composites fabricating, modeling, and applications of postsilicon smart devices. J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys 51 699-734... 

When the mesogen moiety is included into the main chain of the polymer, the obtained macromolecule contains inherently rigid units, which usually result in remarkable mechanical properties and thermal stability. Fibers made by these polymers compete with the best ceramic fibers and are far superior to metal fibers [83]. They therefore are ideal candidates as reinforcements for polymer-based composites. However, these materials often have a poor miscibility and adhesion to other polymeric substrates, limiting the range of their applications. This problem basically arises from weak intermolecular interactions either within the liquid-crystalline polymer itself or with the matrix of the composite. Strong ionic... 

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