Ionic liquid salts structures

Holbrey, J.D., Reichert, W.M., and Rogers, R.D., Crystal structures of imidazo-lium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ionic liquid salts The first organic salt with a ds-TFSI anion conformation, Dalton Trans., 2267-2271,2004. 

Ionic Liquids. In the last 20 years, much attention has been given to the use of certain ionic liquid salts, compounds comprising an organic cation, and usually, an inorganic anion as solvents. 46 The most common classes of ionic liquids have the following general structures ... 

Schreiter ER, Stevens JE, Ortwerth MF (1999) Gold compounds as ionic liquids synthesis, structures, and thermal properties of n, n-diaUsylimidazolium tetrachloroaurate salts. Inorg Chem 38 3935-3940... 

Gordon, P. G., Brouwer, D. H. and Ripmeester, J. A., Probing the local structure of pure ionic liquid salts with solid- and liquid-state NMR, Chem. Phys. Chem. 11, 260-268 (2010). 

Simple halide-containing ionic liquid salts are widely studied as, usually, they are straightforward to prepare. They are of both fundamental relevance in exploring the physical and structural characteristics of ionic liquids as well as of inportance as intermediates in the preparation of other ionic liquids. 

Hasan, M., Kozhevnikov, I.V, Siddiqui, M.R.H., Steiner, A. and Vtinterton, N., Gold compounds as ionic liquids. Synthesis, structures, and thermal properties of N,N-dialkylimidazoliumtetrachloroaurate salts, Inorg. Chem. 38 (25), 5637-5641 (1999). 

Ionic liquids have attracted much attention in recent years, with many potential applications such as tunable organic solvents. A range of pure ionic liquid salts has been studied using liquid-state and solid-state NMR by Gordon et al. [14]. Cl, Br, and SSNMR were used to probe these molecules to extract information on the solid phase (see Fig. 4 for structures and Table 5 for data). Relaxation times were measured, and second-order quadrupolar coupling was used to investigate molecidar motions. 

Figure 4 Structures of the cations of ionic liquid salts studied by Gordon etal. and their abbreviations. From Ref [14]. Copyright Wiley-VCH. Used with permission.

Holbrey, J. D. Reichert, W. M. Rogers, R. D. (2004). Crystal structures of imidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide "ionic liquid" salts the first organic salt with a cis-TFSI anion conformation. Dalton Trans, 2267-2271. 

Ionic liquid structure To date, EXAFS has only been used to examine the structure of high-temperature molten salts in detail. 

These are typical of ionic liquids and are familiar in simulations and theories of molten salts. The indications of structure in the first peak show that the local packing is complex. There are 5 to 6 nearest neighbors contributing to this peak. More details can be seen in Figure 4.3-3, which shows a contour surface of the three-dimensional probability distribution of chloride ions seen from above the plane of the molecular ion. The shaded regions are places at which there is a high probability of finding the chloride ions relative to any imidazolium ion. 

In our previous work [8], we rqjorted the synthesis of (2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methacrylate (DOMA) finrn carbon dioxide and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) using quaternary salt catalysts. In the present work, we studied the catalytic pra rmance of alkyhnethyl imidazolium salt ionic liquid in the synthesis of polycarbonate from the copolyraerization of CO2 with GMA. The influences of copolymerization variable like catalyst structure and reaction tenperature on the conversion of GMA and the yield of the polycarbonate have been discussed. 

Fig. 41.3 The structure of the polyether-modified ammonium salt ionic liquid.

Sun, J. MacFarlane, D. R. Forsyth, M. A new family of ionic liquids based on the l-alkyl-2-methylpyrrolinium cation, Electrochim. Acta, 2003, 48(12), 1707-1711 Fors3dh, S. Golding, J. MacFarlane, D. R. Forsyth, M. A-methyl-iV-alkylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate salts ionic solvents and solid electrolytes, Electrochim. Acta, 2001, 46(10-11), 1753-1757 Golding, J. J. Macfarlane, D. R. Spiccia, L. et al. Weak intermolecular interactions in sulfonamide salts structure of 1-ethyl-2-methyl-3-benzylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]amide, Chem. Commun., 1998, 1593-1594. 

The strong affinity of ionic liquids for aromatics has been attributed to the formation of liquid clathrates (90-92). Liquid clathrates (93) are semi-ordered liquids containing complex salt hosts. They are formed by associative interactions between aromatic molecules and salt ions, which separate cation-anion-packing interactions to a sufficient degree that localized cage structures are formed. Although the aromatic compounds are highly soluble in the ionic liquid phase, the... 

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