Ionic liquids structures

Ionic liquid structure To date, EXAFS has only been used to examine the structure of high-temperature molten salts in detail. 

Ionic liquids are also not completely randomly arranged but have a structure similar to that of a crystal. However, in contrast to crystals, the ionic liquid structure contains far more vacancies, interstitial cavities, dislocations, and other perturbations. 

Saha, S., Hayashi, S., Kobayashi, A., and Hamaguchi, H., Crystal structure of l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. A clue to the elucidation of the ionic liquid structure, Chem. Let., (Japan), 32, 740-741, 2003. 

Common ionic liquids—structure, name, and abbreviation.xv... 

Quite recently, a series of N-alkyl substituted imidazolium salts has been evaluated for additive effects on the mesomorphic behavior and ensuing optical properties of HPC aqueous solutions, followed by characterization of the thermotropicity of novel cellulose derivatives with such an ionic liquid structure in the side-chains [193]. 

Ionic Liquid Structure-Induced Effects on Organic Reactions... 

This chapter aims at summarising the trends observed for binary model systems in experimental and computational investigations, and drawing conclusions about ionic liquid structure-induced effects relevant to organic reactions, in particular nucleophilic substitution reactions. 

In order to rationalise the effect of small changes in the ionic liquid structure, studying homologous series of ionic liquids is a valuable methodology. 

Activity coefficients can be used as a predictive tool to design the ionic liquid structure to suit a particular application, as previously demonstrated in the screening for an optimal ionic liquid entrainer [85-89],... 

Possibly one of the earliest accounts in which an ionic liquid structure-induced effect was reported is the reaction of toluene and nitric acid reported by Earle et al. [127], who not only observed an improvement in conversion rate or selectivity, but demonstrated that the reaction type (nitration, halogenation, oxidation) is governed by the choice of the ionic liquid. Thus, the nitration of toluene using 67% nitric acid... 

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