Salts Ionic compounds

Elements on the left side of the periodic table (the metals) react with elements on the right side (the nonmetals) to form ionic compounds (salts). 

Crystallographers grow crystals of proteins by slow, controlled precipitation from aqueous solution under conditions that do not denature the protein. A number of substances cause proteins to precipitate. Ionic compounds (salts) precipitate proteins by a process called "salting out." Organic solvents also cause precipitation, but they often interact with hydrophobic... 

All salts are ionic compounds. Salts are produced when an alkali neutralises... 

It is customary (and recommended) to name ionic compounds (salts) using the Roman numeral notation, based on group numbers or oxidation states. CUSO4 is copper(I) sulfate, Fe(N03)2 is iron(II) nitrate and KMn04 is potassium permanganate, the Roman numeral being omitted in the last example because potassium cations always carry only +1 charge. 

In an electrolytic cell, an external energy source makes a nonspontaneous redox reaction (AG > 0) occur. In electrolysis of a molten binary ionic compound (salt), the cation is reduced to the metal and the anion is oxidized to the nonmetal. For an aqueous salt solution, the products depend on whether water or one of the ions of the salt requires less energy to be reduced or oxidized. 

Electrolysis of Molten Salts and the Industrial Production of Sodium Many electrolytic applications involve isolating a metal or nonmetal from a molten binary ionic compound (salt). Predicting the product at each electrode is simple if the salt is pure because the cation will be reduced and the anion oxidized. The electrolyte is the molten salt itself, and the ions move through the cell because they are attracted by the oppositely charged electrodes. 

General Rules for Solubility of Ionic Compounds (Salts) in Water at 25 °C... 

Write the ions separately for solutions of ionic compounds (salts, strong acids and bases). 

Analyze We arc given the chemical formulas of live ionic compounds (salts) and asked whether their aqueous solutions will be acidic, bask, or neutraL... 

These chapters introduce you to the two main types of bonding found in nature ionic bonding and cov ent bonding. 1 show you how to predict the formulas of ionic compounds (salts) and how to name them. 1 explain covalent bonding, how to draw Lewis structural formulas, and how to predict the shapes of simple molecules. 1 tell you about chemical reactions and show you the various general types. In addition, 1 cover chemical equilibrium, kinetics, and electrochemistry — batteries, cells, and electroplating. 

Ionic bonding occurs between a metal and a nonmetal. Covalent bonding, on the other hand, occurs between two nonmetals. The properties of these two types of compounds are different. Ionic compounds are usually solids at room temperature, while covalently bonded compounds can be solids, liquids, or gases. There s more. Ionic compounds (salts) usually have a much higher melting point than covalent compounds. In addition, ionic compounds tend to be electrolytes, and covalent compounds tend to be nonelectrol5rtes. (Chapter 6 explains all about ionic bonds, electrolytes, and nonelectrol3rtes.)... 

The general guidelines for the solubility of common ionic compounds (salts) are given in Figure 14.2. These guidelines have some exceptions, but they provide a solid... 

Reaction with Metais Acids react with metals that lie above hydrogen in the activity series of elements to produce hydrogen and an ionic compound (salt) (see Section 17.5) ... 

Why would you say are metals generally heavier (have higher densities) than ionic compounds (salts and ceramics) ... 

When an acid is added to a carbonate or bicarbonate (hydrogen carbonate), the products are carbon dioxide gas, water, and an ionic compound (salt). The add reacts with 3 or HCO3 to prodnce carbonic add, H2CO3, which breaks down rapidly to CO2 and H2O. 

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