Iodinated poppy-seed oil

In 17 of 53 cases with obstructive lymphedema there was an increase in Umb volume after lymphangiography with Lipiodol ultrafluid (iodinated poppy seed oil), and 10 cases had features resembling Ijmphangitis. In one patient there was an allergic reaction, with rapid development of edema and an increase in limb volume by 2 liters. Whereas contrast medium virtually disappears from normal Ijmphatics within 8 hours, in cases of obstructive lymphedema Lipiodol remains in the lymphatics for several days and it appears to cause a low grade chemical inflammation with obliteration of the lymphatics (SEDA-7, 454). 

Hepatic arterial bland and chemo-embolization have also been utilized. This therapy is based on the anatomic vascular distribution of the blood supply for hepatic tumors. The hepatic artery serves tumors in the liver almost exclusively while the portal vein serves normal hepatic parenchyma. There is some crossover but it is only approximately 10%. Bland embolization uses particles placed in the hepatic artery only while chemoembolization mixes these particles with a variety of chemotherapeutic agents and lipiodol, an iodinated poppy seed oil, which has been shown to increase the uptake into the cell via a pump in the cell wall. This therapy has been utilized for the last 20 years but eventual re-growth and recurrence have also uniformly occurred. Repeated embolizations are necessary to keep the disease in check and to palliate the patient s symptoms. The mean response to embolization is approximately 12-18 months with eventual occlusion of the hepatic arterial supply to the tumor after multiple embolizations. Response to embolotherapy has been dramatic for palliation of symptoms, with 63% of patients reporting a reduction in symptoms and an objective response seen on CT to be 76% either partial or minimal response, with an additional 16% reporting stable disease [4]. The embolotherapy will rid the patient of much of their tumor burden but isolated islets of viable tumor will remain after the procedure, accounting for the resurgence of disease. 

S. Higashi and T. Setoguchi, Hepatic arterial injection chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with epira-bicin aqueous solution as numerous vesicles in iodinated poppy-seed oil microdroplets Clinical application of water-in-oil-in-water emulsion prepared nsing a membrane emulsification system, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 45 (2000) 57-64. 

Recently iodinated poppy-seed oil (IPSO, Lipiodol Ultra-Fluid Labora-toire Guerber, France), the ethyl ester of iodinated fatty acids obtained by hydrolysis of poppy-seed oil, has been used for injection chemotherapy (Miller, 1987). Initial application of IPSO was reported by Idezuki et al. (19 ). They used IPSO as a diagnostic material in injecting the oil into the portal vein. According to this report, a plain abdominal X-ray film was taken after the injection and revealed a negative shadow of HCC surrounded by thick staining of nontumorous Uver tissue. Afterward, it was revealed that IPSO selectively accumulates in HCC tissue when it is injected into the hepatic artery (Iwai, 1984 Kobayashi, 1992 Nakakuma, 1983 Tsai, 1986). 

Iodine-131-labeled Lipiodol, a polyiodinated poppy seed oil which becomes particulate on dispersion in aqueous media, has been used for some time in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by arterial injection. This targeting approach has been coupled with the superior radioactivity properties of rhenium radioisotopes by exploiting the lipid solubility of... 

The first extensively tested RES-specific contrast agent on the basis of iodinated lipids was EOE-13 with its precursors, AG 52-315 and AG 60-99. EOE-13 is an aqueous emulsion of the iodinated ester of poppy seed oil and is able to selectively enhance the normal liver and spleen parenchyma [10-12]. However, severe adverse events such as headache, fever and chills prevented further use of these contrast agents [13-15], although their extent could be decreased by hydrocortisone given prior to contrast injection. 

The basis for contrast agents derived from nutrional products was Intralipid, which had been prepared from phospholipids obtained from soy bean oil and egg yolk [86]. Intralipid was chemically modified by iodination into Intraiodol, which contained 50 mgl mbThe particles formed in the emulsion were mostly taken up by the hepatocytes and to a lesser extent by the RES [87,88]. Intraiodol was better tolerated than EOE-13 or its precursor, AG 60.99. The addition of cholesterol to Intraiodol resulted in NRI 757 with an iodine concentration of 42 mg mL b Further modifications by replacing the iodinated triglycerides of Intraiodol by ethiodized poppy seed oil and reducing the cholesterol content to... 

Goiter due to iodide deficiency is best managed by prophylactic administration of iodide. The optimal daily iodide intake is 150-200 meg. Iodized salt and iodate used as preservatives in flour and bread are excellent sources of iodine in the diet. In areas where it is difficult to introduce iodized salt or iodate preservatives, a solution of iodized poppy-seed oil has been administered intramuscularly to provide a long-term source of inorganic iodine. 

Definition Ethyl ester of the iodinated fatty acids expressed from poppy seed oil Uses Emollient in cosmetics, slenderizing prods. 

Among the palliative therapy regimens of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the intra-arterial application of iodine-131-lipiodol ( l-lipiodol) has been established, particularly in Asia and in French-speaking Europe (Lambert and Van de Wiele 2005). Lipiodol (Laboratoire Guerbet, France) is a poppy seed oil containing 38% iodine by weight. It was first used as an X-ray contrast medium for hepatic angiography and has been shown to be cleared less rapidly from HCC cells than normal liver tissue, when injected into the hepatic artery (Nakakuma et al. 1985 Okayasu et al. 1988). 

Iodized Oil Iodine in poppy seed oil-lipiodol is extensively used in radiology as a radio-contrast medium to demonstrate holes (cavities) in the lung. Available both by injection (lipiodol) and by mouth (oriodol) for the instant correction of iodine deficiency Iodized Salt Salt to which potassium iodate or potassium iodide has been added at a recommended level of 20—40 milligrams of iodine per kilogram of salt Kiwanis International A World Service Group including more than 10,000 clubs and over 500,000 members based in the USA... 

Fatty acids, poppy seed, iodinated, ethyi esters. See Ethiodized oil... 

Occurs as glyceride in linseed, cotton seed, maize, hemp, poppy-seed, and other vegetable oils. B.p. 229-30°/16 mm., 228°/14 mm., 202°/ 1-4 mm. BY 0-9026 (0-9038), DJ 6-9031 (0-9025). < 1-4711, < 1-4683. Iodine value 179-9. CNS value 91 -2. Oxidised by air. KMn04 — caproic, azelaic and oxalic acids 4- trace of mmonic acid. HI 4- F—> stearic acid. Br —tetrabromostearic acid. 

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