International Standardization Organization approved methods

Each national and international standards arganizatimi, government, and private industries from each country, listed above and others, use their own standard test methods for the evaluation of the products and materials. Consequently, there are literally thousands of standard test methods used on a worldwide basis [37-41], The national and international standards organizations list their test methods in catalogues for standards such as the European Conunittee for Standardization, CEN [42], FM Approvals [43], Underwriter s Laboratories (UL) [44], International Standards Organization (ISO) [45], American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) [46] and others. 

In the middle of 1980s, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) approved ion chromatography for the analysis of alkali and alkaline earth cations and ammonium in rain water and wet precipitation. In 1998, International Standard Organization (ISO) published Method 14911 ° for the simultaneous determination of dissolved alkali and alkaline earth cations, ammonia and manganese in water and wastewater using suppressed ion chromatography. 

International Standard Organization ISO 5511-1992. Oilseeds—Determination of Oil Content—Method using Continuous-Wave Low-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry (Rapid method). Re-approved in 1997. 

In order to estimate these indicators, it is necessary to use various analytical methods, generally approved by USEPA or standardized by others national or international organizations such as APHA (American Public Health Association) ASTM, AOAC-Intemational or ISO. In addition to reference methods, alternative procedures or new methods can be tested and approved, according to EPA guidelines or APHA, ASTM, AOAC-intemational, and ISO protocols (AOAC, 1999 APHA, 1998 ASTM, 1999 ISO, 2001). In order to approve and validate new test procedures, confirm laboratory performance and update approved methods (Table 1.2.4) USEPA publishes both approved test methods and procedures and those that have not been promulgated. 

The International Electrotechnical Commission (lEC) was founded in 1904 and is now affiliated with the International Organization for Standardization as a Technical Division. The lEC has a Technical Committee 15 on Electrical Insulating Materials, which is concerned with the standardization of testing methods and specifications in this special field. It met in Scheveningen, Netherlands, September 10 to 12,1952. Approved test methods and specifications are issued as recommendations and standards (16),... 

Many of the components in milk and dairy products can be analyzed by standard methods approved by the International Dairy Federation (IDF). In December 2000, the IDF and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) agreed to publish standards jointly and these are printed, distributed, and sold exclusively by the ISO Secretariat. Many of the methods are also published by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The World Health Organization (WHO) has approved certain methods. Some of the methods have been used for many years but, particularly in microbiology, there have been recent advances that have improved our ability to determine microorganisms more specifically. 

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