Interconnectibility, multiple

We draw on an internal BAE Systems development project, Integrated Aircrew Training (lAT), as an exemplar. lAT interconnects multiple systems and participants - air and ground assets - into a training SoS. As would be expected we have identified a number of sources of complexity in the analysis of this SoS, chiefly the exponential impact of interactions among increasing numbers of system elements on analysis complexity. However, the training domain provides constraints which may be captured as feature models to structure the analysis. 

The total warpage enables the user to decide whether the part can still be used for the intended purpose in the field. In addition to its effect on the part s visuals (weld lines in particular), if it is allowed to exceed critical limits, distortion can hamper the installation of other components or make it difficult to interconnect multiple parts. 

Multiple feeds to Eliminate interconnections single machine,, Interlock feed valves so only one can be open two feeds open at once. Incompati- 1 " three-way valve ble materials come Implement appropriate operating procedures in contact, possi- and training bly leading to runaway reaction. CCPS G-f5 CCPS G-32... 

In multiple combustion installations all combustors are interconnected by tubes located near the upstream ring of perforations. Ignitors are provided in only some of the combustors. When one combustor lights, the sudden increase in pressure loss forces flame through the interconnecting tubes to the adjacent combustors, immediately lighting the other combustors. 

Complexity The number of interconnections, routings, pathways, variations, options, alternatives, etc. which give rise to multiple procedures... 

A substantial amount of indirect evidence supports the contention that the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells is critical to successful therapy. Cancer therapy might therefore be viewed as an attempt to induce apoptosis in a population of cells that have undergone selection for apoptotic defects. If correct, this hypothesis would suggest why cancer therapy is in many cases unsuccessful. However, recent studies indicate that this fundamental problem can be circumvented. Progress in the identification of molecules key to the cell death pathways has led to a growing understanding of how apoptosis occurs [3]. It has become clear that pathways to apoptosis are numerous and often interconnected. A solution to the clinical problem of therapeutic resistance, then, may lie in the fact that there appears to be multiple ways that a cell death program can be implemented. 

The internal structure of the catalyst particle is often of a complex labyrinth-like nature, with interconnected pores of a multiplicity of shapes and sizes, In some cases, the pore size may be less than the mean free path of the molecules, and both molecular and Knudsen diffusion may occur simultaneously. Furthermore, the average length of the diffusion path will be extended as a result of the tortuousity of the channels. In view of the difficulty of precisely defining the pore structure, the particle is assumed to be pseudo-homogeneous in composition, and the diffusion process is characterised by an effective diffusivity D, (equation 10.8). 

We presented extensions and variations of the basic learning methodologies aimed at enlarging their flexibility and cover a number of different situations, including systems where performance is evaluated by categorical or continuous variables, with single or multiple objectives, simple or complex plants containing some type of internal structure and composed of a number of interconnected subsystems. 

Revelles O, M Espinosa-Urgel, T Euhrer, U Sauer, JL Ramos (2005) Multiple and interconnected pathways for L-lysine catabolism in Pseudomonas putida KT2440. J Bacteriol 187 7500-7510. 

The first law states that everything is connected to everything else. The ecosystem comprises multiple interconnected parts, which interact with each other. The feedback features of ecosystems become useful in order to amplify and intensify several processes. 

During the production of ions from a solid, a number of complex, interconnected, and obscure processes take place. When multiple ionisation occurs, the spectra obtained are complex. 

In addition, deletion of units allows a network to divide into multiple independent portions, without interconnections, and thus describe more accurately datasets in which one part consists of sample patterns that are very unlike the remainder. Once the performance of the network is not noticeably improved by the addition of a unit, the expansion and contraction may be brought to a halt. The network can then be used as an interpretive tool in exactly the same fashion as a SOM. 

Joachim C, Martrou D, Rezeq M, Troadec C, Jie D, Chandrasekhar N, Gauthier S (2010) Multiple atomic-scale solid surface interconnects for atom circuits and molecule logic gates. J Phys Condens Matter 22 084025... 

Manufacture of Printed Wiring Boards. Printed wiring boards, or printed circuit boards, are usually thin flat panels than contain one or multiple layers of thin copper patterns that interconnect the various electronic components (e.g. integrated circuit chips, connectors, resistors) that are attached to the boards. These panels are present in almost every consumer electronic product and automobile sold today. The various photopolymer products used to manufacture the printed wiring boards include film resists, electroless plating resists (23), liquid resists, electrodeposited resists (24), solder masks (25), laser exposed photoresists (26), flexible photoimageable permanent coatings (27) and polyimide interlayer insulator films (28). Another new use of photopolymer chemistry is the selective formation of conductive patterns in polymers (29). 

Chemical transmission between nerve cells involves multiple steps 167 Neurotransmitter release is a highly specialized form of the secretory process that occurs in virtually all eukaryotic cells 168 A variety of methods have been developed to study exocytosis 169 The neuromuscular junction is a well defined structure that mediates the presynaptic release and postsynaptic effects of acetylcholine 170 Quantal analysis defines the mechanism of release as exocytosis 172 Ca2+ is necessary for transmission at the neuromuscular junction and other synapses and plays a special role in exocytosis 174 Presynaptic events during synaptic transmission are rapid, dynamic and interconnected 175... 

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