Interactance probe

FIGURE 6.2 Diagrams of different AFM operating modes. (A) Contact mode and (B) dynamic mode for topographic imaging. (C) Force spectroscopy mode for interaction probing. Reprinted with permission from Liu and Wang (2010). 

Chaires JB (2005) Structural Selectivity of Drug-Nucleic Acid Interactions Probed by Competition Dialysis. 253 33-53 Cherkinsky M, see Braverman S (2007) 275 67-101... 

The physical properties of probe molecules adsorbed in the confined space of porous materials are known to vary in dependence of structural constraints on molecular motion. Detailed investigations of adsorption geometries are possible, when well-defined sites and loadings exist. This was the case for the adsorption of strongly interacting probe molecules, such as pyridine, on SiOH groups in the... 

Otherwise, depolarization would also be a result of energy transfer between probe molecules. Because the transition moments of two interacting probes are unlikely to be parallel, this effect is indeed formally equivalent to a rotation. Moreover, artefacts may arise from scattering light that is not totally rejected in the detection system. 

Essentially, any molecule could potentially be used as a probe molecule. However, practically, a useful probe molecule should meet certain minimum criteria. Such criteria for the selection of an ideal probe molecule were first developed by Paukshtis and Yurchenko [104]. These have been refined by several research groups and summarized by Knozinger and Huber [86]. The criteria are summarized in Table 4.3. Based on these criteria, small, weakly interacting probe molecules are recommended for zeolites particularly when you want to probe sites within the pore structure. 

Schmidt, M., Pahl, R., Ihee, H., and Srajer, V. 2005b. Protein ligand interactions probed by time-resolved X-ray structure determination. In Methods in molecular biology, vol. 305 Protein-ligand interactions Methods and Applications. G. U. Nienhaus, Ed. Totowa, NJ Humana Press. 

Detailed knowledge of the orientation of an adsorbed molecule is difficult to obtain by conventional surface scattering techniques such as LEED. The reason is that the electron is such a strongly interacting probe that multiple scattering effects... 

Knozinger, H. and Huber, S. IR spectroscopy of small and weakly interacting probes for acidic and basic zeolites. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1998, 94, 2047. 

Function for Protein-Ligand Interactions Probing the Reference State. 

This relation was also valid for interacting probes so long as the equilibration was instantaneous. 

FIGURE 4. Dependence of retention voluee activation energies on acid/base interactions, Probes ... 

Generally, in the first monolayer on (coinage) metals pentacene and other planar aromatic molecules were found to adsorb with their aromatic ring plane parallel to the substrate. A detailed discussion of the molecule/metal interaction probed by means of low temperature STM can be found in Chapter 12 by Soubatch et al. The preference for such a planar adsorption geometry can be... 

Muegge I. A knowledge-based scoring function for protein-ligand interactions probing the reference state. Perspect Drug Discov Des 2000 20 99-114. 

Qin J, Vinogradova O et al (2001) Protein-protein interactions probed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Meth Enzymol 339 377-389... 

In smy event, and to the extent that the postulate can be tested with the data at hand, superposition upon the solute partition coefficients of the solvent-component deviations from Raoult s law, equation 22, sppears to go far in accounting for deviations from the diachoric solutions relation. That is, the non-interactive probe-solute partition coefficients reflect interactions that are extant between the solvents, negative deviations from equation 12 being indicative (as here) of solvent-solvent activity coefficients of less than unity. Moreover, even if this were in fact to prove to be only approximately so, the way would nonetheless be open to a very powerful method of assessment (to the same degree of approximation) of (finite-concentration) solvent/solvent activity coefficients one need only me ure (infinite-dilution) partition coefficient then deduce via equation 22,... 

Baumgartner, W., Hinterdorfer, R, Ness, W., Raab, A., Vestweber, D., Schindler, H., and Drenckhahn, D. 2000. Cadherin interaction probed by atomic force microscopy, Proc Natl Acad Set USA 97,... 

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