Intelligence quotient and

Here IQ is the familiar intelligence quotient, and CQ and PQ are curiosity and passion quotients, respectively. Friedman suggests that the sum of one s passion... 

Slone, D., Siskind, V, Heinonen, O.P., Monson, R.R., Kaufman, D.W, and Shapiro, S. (1977) Antenatal exposure to the phenothiazines in relation to congenital malformations, perinatal mortality rate, birth weight, and intelligence quotient score. Am J Obstet Gynecol 128 486 88. 

In a second study, intellectual functioning at 6-9 years was measured in 88 cocaine-exposed children and 96 unexposed children in New York City (273). The participants were interviewed and underwent medical and neurological examination and psychological assessment. Child intelligence was measured with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III (WISC-III). Intelligence quotient scores did not differ between the two groups of children, even when adjustments for covariables were made. 

In a third study the Robert Wood Johnson database of published literature on prenatal cocaine exposure and child outcome was examined (274). Only 8 of 101 studies focused on school-age children. Intelligence quotient (IQ), receptive language, and expressive language were measured. This meta-analysis showed an average difference of 3.12 IQ points between cocaine-exposed and control groups. When the IQ distribution is shifted downwards by this amount, there is a 1.6-fold increase in the number of children with IQs under 70. The authors noted that the calculated decrement in IQ in exposed children is subtle and does not include the possible effect of the drug on domains of function such as language abilities. 

Mental retardation (MR) is generally defined as a global reduction in cognitive and intellectual abilities, which manifests before the age of 18, and is estimated to affect 1 to 3% of the population (Chelly et al., 2006). Intellectual functioning and its severity is commonly based on the evaluation of the Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ), and MR is represented by an intelligence quotient (IQ) lower than... 

Litin L, Sacks F. Trans-fatty-acid content of common foods. N Eng J Med 1993 329(26) 1969-1970. Lucas A, Morley R, Cole TJ, Lister G, Leeson-Payne C. Breast milk and subsequent intelligence quotient... 

TABLE 2. Score of schoolchildren and intelligence quotient related to blood lead levels. 

So if your local city or county average is 10 units (or io micrograms per deciliter), and your child has a BLL of io units, it s likely your child already has an intelligence quotient (IQ) deficit of 7.4 points compared to a child with a BLL of only... 

This chapter is about the effects of the prenatal environment on childhood and adult intelligence quotient (IQ), but it needs to be more than that, since once the prenatal environment is admitted as an important determinant of postnatal behavior and cognitive performance, some old hereditarian ideas must be abandoned. Abandonment of these old ideas will be a critical step forward in the twenty-first century, and I want to outline here the reasons for the shift among researchers. The problem for the general reader is that although the new view of IQ involves concepts in statistics and psychometrics, I have committed myself to tell the story without graphs or equations. I do hope this works for the general reader, but if in a few places the discussion seems too technical, I advise the reader... 

During the training of medical doctors and health staff the emphasis is usually on a clinical approach to diagnosis and treatment of thyroid abnormalities. Their training rarely covers the public health aspects of iodine deficiency and its disorders, such as brain damage and a loss of intelligence quotient (IQ) in children, neither does it cover the prevention and control of IDD programs on a population... 

Iodine is essential for the synthesis of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). An iodine-deficient diet results directly in decreased production of thyroid hormones, which adversely affects not only brain development, but also its functions such as attention, learning and memory. In areas with iodine deficiency, besides the occurrence of more frequent thyroid nodules, the intelligence quotient (IQ) of children is much lower than that in areas with adequate iodine. 

Table 132.5 Comparison of intelligence quotient (MISIC) in school-going children from the District of Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India, in 1986 and 2001...

Lucas, A., et al., Breast milk and subsequent intelligence quotient in children bom... 

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