Integrated microfluidic device

Erickson D., Li D., Integrated microfluidic devices, Anal. Chim. Acta 2004 507 11 -26. 

Ramsey, J. D. and G. E. Collins. Integrated microfluidic device for solid-phase extraction coupled to micellar electrokinetic chromatography separation. Anal. Chem. 77, 6664-6670 (2005). 

FIGURE D.7 Integrated microfluidic devices, which contain valves that can be pinched closed by pressurized channels, are fabricated from rubber by softmicrolithography at low... 

Lagally, E.T., Medintz, I., Mathies, R.A., Single-molecule DNA amplification and analysis in an integrated microfluidic device. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 565-570. 

Several academic partners and Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc. (Molecular Imaging) in Culver City, USA, made the synthesis of an [18F]fluoride-radiolabeled molecular imaging probe, 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose in an integrated microfluidic device (see Figure 5.1) [21]. Five sequential processes were made, and they are [18F]fluoride concentration, water evaporation, radiofluorination, solvent exchange and hydrolytic deprotection. The half-life of [lsF]fluorine (t1/2 = llOmin) makes rapid synthesis of doses essential. This is one of the first examples of an automated multistep synthesis in microflow fashion. 

D. Erickson and D.Q. Li, Integrated microfluidic devices, Analytica Chimica... 

To demonstrate the effectiveness of the MALDI-based integrated microfluidics device, a few simple chemical and biochemical reactions were carried out in the MALDI-chip and their products analyzed on-line at the chip outlet (see above). 

The main limitation of the integrated microfluidics device is the poor fluidics control. By a proper design of the fluidic circuit and the integration of multiple sampling ports, direct, real-time monitoring of product formation during the reaction will become feasible, thus opening the way to kinetics studies. 

Fig. 2 (a) PDMS/agar hybrid chip enables the gradient generation of O2 concentrations for investigating the behavior of C. elegans in response to different concentrations of O2 [36], (b) Multivalve-integrated microfluidic device that can manipulate worm position and screen mutant worms automatically [28]... 

In these systems, both the immobihzed partner and analyte in solution are dehvered to the sensor surface via an integrated microfluidics device. All the steps in the immobihzation procedure can therefore be monitored by SPR detection and serve as an important guidance and quality check. The channels for fluid dehvery and flow cell structures are made by micromolding of elastomeric materials and are produced with cell widths down to a few hundred micrometers [65]. Spatial distribution of immobilized partners is achieved by addressing the distinct flow cells individually. 

Fortier, M.H., Bonneil, E., Goodley, P. and Thibault, P. (2005) Integrated microfluidic device for mass spectrometry-based proteomics and its application to biomarker discovery programs. Anal Chem, 77, 1631-1640. 

Hardoiun, J., Duchateau, M., Joubert-Caron, R., Caron, M., Usefulness of an integrated microfluidic device (HPLC-Chip-MS) to enhance confidence in protein identification by proteomics. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 20, 3236-3244, 2006. 

Figure 5.1 Schematic depictions of various setups for millisecond HX. (a) The quench-flow LC setup used by Dharmasiri and Smith to achieve spatially resolved, time-resolved HX. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [19]. 1996, American Chemical Society, (b) A simple quench-flow apparatus introduced by Keppel and Weis. Labeling time was by adjustment of the flow rate through the delay line. Reproduced with permission from Ref [20]. 2013, American Chemical Society, (c) The integrated microfluidic device for bottom-up exchange introduced by Rob and coworkers. The locations of labeling, quenching, and digestion are indicated above the device. Reproduced with permission from Ref [21]. 2012, American Chemical Society...

Erickson D, Li DQ (2004) Integrated microfluidic devices. Anal Oiim Acta 507(1) 11-26... 

For the latter of these, electroosmotic flow has evolved into likely the most popular transport mechanism for integrated microfluidic devices, largely the result of the simplicity of its implementation and the uniqueness of its flat plug-flow- ik velocity profile (for more details, see Electroosmotic Flow (DC)). While the majority of modeling and transport smdies are done assuming imiformity of the surface -potential, there exists a large number of applications where such an assumption becomes invalid. As an example, microfluidics-based biosensors often... 

Fig. 5 Electrowetting-based integrated microfluidic device for glucose assays (From Ref. [15])...

Integrated microfluidic devices have many advantages over conventional methods such as fast analysis time, small reagent and sample consumption, and less waste generation. In addition, they have the capability of integration, coupling sample preparation and analysis processes such as cell lysis, capillary electrophoresis (CE), and PCR. Therefore, integrated microfluidic devices enable hundreds of assays to be performed in parallel and in an automated manner. 

Another approach for creating integrated microfluidic devices for medical diagnostics is to create a device for the reconstitution (hydration) of a lyophilized (freeze-dried) drug solution, followed by dilution and delivery into a patient at a constant rate. Such a system could utilize freeze-dried antibiotics, analgesics, or insulin for treating a diabetic patient as described in Liepmann et al. [5]. This system. 

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